STEVIA POLYPLOIDIZATION IN VITRO

Abstract

On the basis of in vitro studies the methodology of creation of tetraploids stevia. For their creation in vitro culture used diploid selection number of stevia 1216, 15-15/3, 112, 116, which are resistant to diseases and have high stevioside content; the cultivation was conducted under the conditions of temperature 24±2°C, lighting 3000-4000 Lux, photoperiod ‒ 16 hours on a shaker in 100 mode.min For clonal micropropagation of shoots, treated with 0.02% colchicine, separately transplanted in the medium of agar-agar. After 5 days’ cultivation, newly formed shoots are separated, are registered with the definition of vegetative generations Kohler escape. The second generation of vegetative shoots, in the amount of not less than 3 Grand, after two weeks of culturing were used for the determination of ploidy and selection of tetraploids. To synchronize cell division of meristem flasks were placed in a refrigerator for 12 hours at a temperature of +4 °C, and then 2.5-3 hours on light to obtain 3000-4000 Lux. In such conditions, get up to 37% of ploidy tetraploid forms of stevia with high productivity and resistant to fungal diseases.