Визначення енергетичної дози передпосівної обробки насіння в магнітному полі

Анотація

DETERMINATION OF THE ENERGY DOSE OF Pre-sowing treatment of seeds in a magnetic field

V. Savchenko, A.  Sinyavsky, L. Pantalienko

Pre-sowing seed treatment in a magnetic field is one of the most effective methods, which allows to increase the yield of crops, reduce the incidence of plants and improve the quality of products.

Application of pre-seed treatment of seeds in a magnetic field requires the establishment of a mechanism of action of the magnetic field on the seeds, determining the optimal treatment mode and substantiating the design parameters of the treatment.

Known plants for pre-sowing seed treatment provide a small value of magnetic field induction (5-30 mT). Studies of the influence of a magnetic field with greater magnetic induction on agricultural seeds were not carried out. An effective energy dose of pre-sowing seed treatment in a magnetic field is not established.

The purpose of the study is to determine the energy dose of pre-sowing seed treatment in a magnetic field.

Experimental studies of the device for magnetic processing of potatoes were carried out by measuring the magnetic induction with a 43205 temperature meter at the center of the air gap along the axis of the conveyor.

It is established that the magnetic induction of its greatest value reaches the plane of installation of permanent magnets. When moving the material along the conveyor belt from one magnet to another, the induction decreases, approaching zero in the middle between the magnets, and then, changing the sign, begins to grow.

An analytical dependence is obtained for determining the energy dose of seed treatment in a magnetic field, which enables, by the value of magnetic induction and seed rate, to calculate the energy dose of seed treatment in a magnetic field

On the basis of the experimental dependences of the energy of germination and the similarity of grain seeds from the magnetic induction and seed speed in a magnetic field, an interconnection between these parameters and the energy dose of treatment was established

The greatest energy of barley germination occurred at an energy dose of 2.22 J s/kg, wheat - 1.73 J s/ kg, and at higher or lower doses, it decreases.

The greatest similarity of wheat seeds occurred at an energy dose of 1.73 Js/ kg, and barley was 2.22 Js /kg.

If the energy dose exceeds 5.0 Js/kg, the increase in germination energy and seed germination during their pre-treatment in the magnetic field is insignificant compared to the untreated seed.

It has been established that the optimum seed treatment pre-seed treatment in a magnetic field takes place in the range of energy dosage processing of 1.7-2.2 Js / kg at a magnetic induction of 65 mTl, a fourfold re-magnetization and a conveyor belt speed of 0.4 m/s.