Models of masculine identity formation in the Ivan Franko`s works about children
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/philolog0(257).2016.0171%20-%20182
Abstract
Prose works by Ivan Franko is a literature of different genres and styles for adults and children. The theme of boys-characters growing and their gender identity formation is present in both «adult» and «children» works of the author, because the world of childhood is represented in them, in most cases, in the light of boy’s consciousness.
The article aims to analyze prose by Ivan Franko about boys and establish the specific of their masculine identity formation models in a heterogeneous environment.
Results. Masculinity as one of the social gender roles is forming in children of both sexes, but is more common among boys. Children, which have masculine model of behavior appreciate the authority of strength and independence of behavior, focused on high individual achieving, deny women’s companys. The leadership role is imported for them as well as acceptance of their own right. Boys-characters by Ivan Franko have masculine model as dominant, except for a few characters who tend to femininity. Franko portrays growing of boys and forming their identity in these social systems:
1. The village and town as specific forms of space and life.
2. Street as boyhood laws "codifier".
3. House as a microcosm.
4. School as an extended social circle.
Because Ivan Franko had lost both parents at an early age, in his works he reproduced their images exactly as they were to him during childhood. The image of father is respected and all-knowing and the image of mother is caring, but not able to enter into his world. Formation of masculine identity in a «children's works» by Franko achieves preferably in the company of men, which are examples to follow or perpetrators of psychological traumas. Being in some kind of environment, children held its influence and assimilate those stereotypes and norms of behavior that are functioning in them. Franko’s children characters was under different circumstances during their growing – conductive and inauspicious (thieves, handicraft, school environment, village and city, street and prison). The dominant masculine feature, that links most of these characters is a thirst for knowledge, because all of them are not ordinary children, but gifted with a remarkable memory and intelligence. Notwithstanding the talents of each one implemented differently, depending on the social micro and macro system in which they acquire their own masculinity.
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