ПРОБЛЕМ ЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ ІСТОРЧНХ ЛАНДШАФТІВ ДЕНДРОПАРКУ «ОЛЕКСАНДРІЯ» НАН УКРАЇН

Анотація

THE PROBLEM OF PRESERVATION OF HISTORICAL LANDSCAPES OF THE «OLEKSANDRIA» STATE DENDROLOGICAL PARK OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE

S. Galkin, N. Doiko

Abstract. An important task of conservation and reproduction of phytodiversity in Ukraine, restoration and reconstruction of historic landscapes assigned to dendrolgical parks and park monuments of landscape architecture. In the last decades recorded a significant decrease in phytodiversity of many old parks, historical landscape degradation due to the absence of proper care and enhancing of human impact. The purpose of our research was to study the forming and assessment of the current state of landscapes of the old “Olexandria” park in order to preserve them. In this work are the results of researches of the landscape of the “Olexandria” park of the NAS of Ukraine on the methodology developed by L. Rubtsov (1977). The dynamics of changes which were during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries was analyzed. It was identified that the main type of modern landscape of park, still remains forest, but it does not presented as major species Quercus robur L., but it is as separate species of deciduous trees. Also it was researched the composition of aboriginal tree species which form the landscape, the changes of species composition, and the tendencies of anthropogenic transformation of natural phytobiota of the beginning of XXI century. At the present stage of the park development, the main task is to preserve the secular oak trees, through the optimization of spontaneously formed planting of deciduous trees, timely and qualitative care for the territories of park, of meadow, of regular and of alpine landscape types.

Keywords: dendrological park, types of gardening-park landscapes, phyto diversity, species composition, woody vegetation.