ДЕРЕВНІ НАСАДЖЕННЯ НА ТЕРИТОРІЇ ПРОМЗОНИ МІСТА ВИШГОРОДА
Анотація
TREE PLANTINGS ON THE EAST industrial area territory OF SMALL TOWN VYSHGOROD
O. Zibtseva
Abstract. The species composition and condition of tree plantings in the territory of the eastern industrial zone on the Dnipro coast in the small town of Vyshhorod, Kyiv region were analyzed. By routing method was fulfilled the inventory of plantations. There are 26 tree and bush species at the experimental territory: 20 leafy trees, 2 conifers, 4 leafy bushes. Among conifers – 1 aboriginal species, 1 – introduced. Among the deciduous trees, 12 indigenous and 8 introduced. Among the bushes 1 is introduced species and 3 cultivars. Species with a very high proportion (more than 10 %) include Populus nigra and Acer platanoides; with high participation rates (5-10 %) - 4 species: Acer negundo, Juglans regia, Syringa vulgaris, Thuja occidentalis; with an average (1-5 %) – 11 species and 8 - with a low. Among the species are presented both light-loving species (28.9 % of the total number of trees) and shadows. To the heat-loving belongs 54,3 % of trees. 38 % of the trees belong to weakly gas-resistant and medium gas-resistant. Almost equally represented xeremosophytes, mesophytes and megafites. In general, 71 % of the tree species are in good condition, 19 % – in excellent condition, 5 % – in satisfactory and unsatisfactory.
Keywords: Tree species, condition of plantings, industrial zone
Modern industrial enterprises are sources of constant pollution [5]. Planting is the most effective way of ensuring the ecological balance of industrial areas [1].
Analysis of recent research and publications. Plants for greening of industrial enterprises territory should be sanitary and resistant to pollution. During the formation of territory of industrial enterprises are guided by a number of principles, including environmental, designed to ensure the ecological balance of industrial areas [5]. The active use of introduced tree plants allows the successful implementation of the concept of sustainable urban development.
The purpose of the study is to determine the species composition and condition of the tree plantations in the eastern industrial zone along the Dnieper River in small Vyshhorod town, Kyiv region, to identify the species that are advisable to recommend for the greening of such areas.
Materials and methods of research. By routine method was carried out inventory of street plantings and plantations on available for free visits territories of the eastern industrial area of town in accordance with the current instruction. The condition of tree plants, as in previous works, was determined by a 5-point scale, decorative - on a 4-point [2], ecological characteristics - by the scale of P. S. Pogrebnyak [4].
Research results and their discussion. The production zone of Vyshgorod consists of several dispersed groups of enterprises. The eastern industrial zone was appeared as a temporary contributor to the construction of the Kyiv Hydroelectric Power Plant. At present, industrial enterprises for the production of building materials, concrete products, communal and transport enterprises there are here.
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The eastern industrial zone is located below the lower anchorage CHP with a violation of sanitary zones: the Dnieper coastal protective strip and the 300-meter zone of the special regime of the Dnipro water intake [7]. In accordance with the Master's plan of town, part of this territory will subsequently be transformed into multi-storeyed and intermediate-level residential buildings, public service centers and green public utilities.
Along the T-10-01 Kyiv-Vyshgorod-Desna-Chernihiv regional highway, which is separating the industrial zone from the rest of the town, street stands are forming by Populus pyramidalis Rozier., Acer platanoides L., Populus simonii Carriere. aged over 40-50 years. The condition of the trees is predominantly good.
In spite of the strong motor transport movement and high dustiness of the environment, planting around the "Obolon" brand shop is characterized by a predominantly good condition and a fairly high ornamental state. 30-50 year old trees of Betula pendula, Populus nigra, Acer platanoides, A. saccharinum L., Aesculus hyppocastanum L., Picea abies L., Pyrus communis, Armeniaca vulgaris, Robinia pseudoacacia are growing along the road deep into the industrial area (Shlyuzova st.). The worst condition among the trees have Acer saccharinum (4 points), Populus nigra and Betula pendula – (3 points). The rest, even Picea abies (L.) Karst., Aesculus hyppocastanum and Catalpa bignonioides Walter. are characterized by a good condition (the average score of the trees of all species 2.1 ± 0.18). However, Aesculus hyppocastanum is affected by Cameraria ohridella, Robinia pseudoacacia and Populus simonii – by Viscum album L.
In total on the experimental territory tere are 26 species of tree and bush plants: 20 leafy trees, 2 conifers, 4 leafy bushes. Among conifers - 1 aboriginal species, 1 - introduced; Among the deciduous trees, 12 indigenous and 8 introduced. Among the bushes 1 is introduced species and 3 cultivars.
Species with a very high proportion (more than 10%) are: Populus nigra and Acer platanoides, with high participation rates (5-10 %): Acer negundo, Juglans regia, Syringa vulgaris, Thuja occidentalis, with an average (1-5%) - 11 species and 8 - with a low.
Among the species are presented both light-loving species (28.9% of the total number of trees) and shadows. To the heat-loving belongs 54,3% of trees. 38% of the trees belong to weakly gas-resistant and medium gas-resistant (average weighted class of gas resistance - 3,2). Almost equally represented xeromesophytes, mesophytes and megafites.
Trees more than 50 years old (Populus nigra, P. Simonii, Robinia pseudoacacia, Pyrus communis) have signs of aging. In general, 71% of the tree species are in good condition, 19 % - in excellent condition, 5 % in satisfactory and unsatisfactory. (
Conclusions and perspectives.
26 kinds of tree and bush plants were found on the territory of the industrial zone: 20 deciduous, 2 coniferous, 4 deciduous bush. Among conifers - 1 aboriginal species, 1 – introduced. Among the deciduous trees there are 12 aboriginal and 8 introduced. Among the bushes – 1 is introduced species and 3 cultivars.
The rich natural conditions of habitat (sufficient humidity and soil fertility) compensate the influence of dust pollution. The condition and ornamental state of plants here are not below the corresponding indicators of tree species in the rest of the town [2]. However, it is urgently necessary to transfer the enterprises from the territory and transform it into a recreational, in accordance with the General Plan of Vyshgorod and, partly, the reserve, as recommended more than ten years ago [3].
Посилання
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