Підвищення ефективності установок для обробки зернових в сильних електричних полях

Анотація

EFFECT OF ADDITIONAL ELECTRODES ON DISCHARGE PROCESSES IN THE GRAIN MASS

S. Usenko, O. Naumenko

An important factor that leads to losses of grain storage is the activity of insect pests of grain reserves. To destroy pests mainly used fumigants that are quite toxic. An alternative method is ozone, but modern uses of ozone is energy-consuming and inefficient due to the loss of ozone in its submission of ozone generator to the grain and the uneven treatment.

The department electric drive and electrotechnologies developed electric equipment and devices in which ozone formation occurs directly in the grain mass under the influence of a high electric field. Studies have shown the possibility of using this method to control pests of grain.

The concentration of ozone in the air gap grain mass depends on the intensity of ionization processes, especially in the frequency of partial discharge of air inclusions. The intensity of the ionization process varies depending on the strength of EPS. EPS intensity can be increased to a value above which can lead to the breakdown in the grain mass.

It is known that the introduction of metallic particles in the dielectric material leads to a redistribution of the electric field inside the material, so that the electric field at the surface of the metal is set to include more than the strength of the external electric field. Corn has dielectric properties, as well within the grain mass redistribution of the electric field. This leads to increased intensity discharge processes in the grain mass. Therefore, it was necessary to study the influence of metal particles in the grain mass on intensity of discharge processes.

The aim of this work is to investigate dischrged processes in the grain mass and determine the effect of metallic inclusions on their intensity

The proposed method of processing corn is between plane-parallel plate electrodes to which high voltage is supplied. The peculiarity of this type of treatment is that the grain mass, flora and insect pests, the following factors of influence: strong electric field, surface and volume current ionization processes occurring in the airspace of grain mass air ions and ozone, which is formed under partial discharge.

From high voltage pulse source voltage is applied to the plane-parallel electrodes. The walls of the processing chamber is made of dielectric material (plexiglass). Adjusting the voltage provided via autotransformer. In the processing chamber is set insulating plates that separate the wheat from the electrodes. In the range of zero entered resistor wire that fixes the bit currents that flow in grain. The signal is removed with an oscilloscope. Additional electrodes are introduced in the grain mass. The control voltage is made by kilovoltmeter, current is controlled by miliampermeter. In the scheme provided for adjusting the parameters of pulses of high voltage source.

For research samples taken barley of variety "Vakula" with moisture content of 14%. Dimensions camera processing: the distance between the electrodes - 3 cm; electrode length - 10 cm; grain filling height - 6 cm.

The article presents the results of research on the influence of additional electrodes on intensity of discharge processes in the grain mass.

According to the research found that the introduction of additional electrodes in the grain leads to increased intensity discharge processes in the grain mass, but the efficiency of the additional electrodes substantially depends on the pulse frequency source. If you change the frequency from 3 to 15 kHz intensity discharge processes in the grain mass with the additional electrodes changed in the range of 20 -70%, indicating a need for further research in this direction.