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Теплоснабжение автономных объектов сельхозназначения в концепции распределенного энергоснабжения с использованием микросетей
Анотація
HEAT SUPPLY OF AUTONOMOUS OBJECTS OF AGRICULTURE IN THE CONCEPT OF DISTRIBUTED ENERGY SUPPLY WITH THE USE OF MICROGRIDS
V. Kharchenko
In recent years, work on involving new territories in economic activity has begun to develop intensively. These procedures are invariably connected with the search for effective ways of organizing the energy supply of economic entities in these territories. Broad prospects for solving the problem of energy supply of new economic entities in new territories are opened by the use of micro-network technology, which has been intensively developed in recent years.
At the present time, methodical foundations have been created and a technical base for creating micro networks has been developed in any given area. At the same time, the created microset, providing the consumer of electric energy, is not able to solve the problem of heat supply, since the use of electricity for heating water is economically inexpedient, and in conditions of autonomous power supply it is practically impossible.
The purpose of the study is to justify the generation sources for use in micro networks based on renewable energy sources (RES).
Heat pump systems of heat supply with renewable energy sources and solar-geothermal heat supply have been developed.
For use in heat pump heat supply systems, low-grade heat sources of various origins can be used.
They can be divided into three groups: sources of low-potential heat of the environment; sources of low-potential heat as secondary waste heat of anthropogenic origin; heat accumulators of various nature.
It is quite obvious that for the heat supply of objects in remote territories that function in an autonomous mode, the sources of the first and then the second group can be considered acceptable.
To address the possibility of using a source of low-potential heat under specific conditions, it is necessary that they satisfy a number of requirements that are largely determined by the design of heat pumps and their operation modes:
- maintain a stable high temperature during the heating season;
- be abundant and renewable:
- not to be corrosive and polluting;
- have favorable thermophysical characteristics and low operating costs.
Examples of heat supply installations with renewable energy sources are installations based on the heat of the ambient air; installations based on the heat of the near-surface layers of the Earth; installations based on the heat of open water courses; Heat pump heat supply systems based on the heat of the environment and wind turbines.
We have developed efficient and reliable systems for selecting the heat of watercourses, optimized the entire heat pump system, in particular, to optimize the low-temperature circuit of the heat pump system and to select the optimum coolant in this circuit.
Conclusions. Heat pump systems can provide an absolutely acceptable efficiency of heat supply systems, especially for autonomous heating of remote facilities provided by electricity in the distributed energy paradigm.
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