Influence of mineral fertilizers and inoculation on root system development of various types of sainfoin
Keywords:
сommon sainfoin, Transcaucasian sainfoin, Hungarian sainfoin, fertilizers, inoculation, herbage, yieldAbstract
Abstract. Results of researches about mineral fertilizers and inoculation influence on root system development of Common, Transcaucasian and Hungarian sainfoin for growing on green feed are shown.
One of the most important biological features of sainfoin is branching method of its root system. Unlike other leguminous perennial grasses, including alfalfa, along with formation of taproot root deeply penetrating into the soil, sainfoin, starting from a depth 40-100 cm, forms bulk of small side roots. Predominance of small roots in sainfoin, to the total number of them, in the first year of life for pure early-spring sowing period is 70-75% and 40-50% in the second year of life. The maximum number of small roots of sainfoin is formed during flowering phase, and somewhat decreases during the autumn period of its growing season.
Experimental plots were laid on typical low-humus coarse-silty, light-loamy in terms of mechanical composition chernozems, soils characterized by a high content of gross and mobile forms of nutrients. Weather conditions during the years of research were not sufficiently favorable for perennial grasses growing, only 2016 had precipitation close to normal, but increased temperature of the air did not contribute to the high yield of perennial grasses.
It was established that mass of root system increased from the first to the third years of growing, regardless of mineral fertilizing and specie of sainfoin. The largest mass of the root system with introduction N45Р60К90 had Common sainfoin - in the branching phase - 2.9; budding - 3.6; flowering - 5.3 t / ha of dry mass, other species of sainfoin had significantly lower values.
Formation of sainfoin plants symbiotic apparatus essentially depends on both technological measures of growing, primarily on application of mineral fertilizers, and on biological characteristics of its growth and development. Without a doubt, these features also influenced on accumulation of symbiotic nitrogen over the years of its growth and phases of growth and development.
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