AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES LAND USE AND ITS EFFECTIVENESS
Abstract
In the article the current trends of agricultural enterprises land use are described, its effectiveness is determined and the main ways of its efficient development are grounded.
The current level of agricultural development is characterized by a high degree of arable land resources. Obsolete production technologies result the humus loss, soil degradation, the wind and water erosion. It leads to a decrease in natural soil fertility and adversely affects the possibility of the efficiency of land use entities improvement.
One of the most important conditions for effective land use is rational fertilizer system, which is currently characterized by a decrease of organic fertilizers and increase mineral ones
Main organizational and economic ways to improve the efficiency of land use include production technologies modernization, industrial structure of the company and acreage optimizing, rational mix of industries, management improvement, production diversification, integration and cooperative relationships deepening, funding of production at scientific reasonable level. Very important role plays ecological production that results decrease of the chemical load on the soil, the use of synthetic substances, emissions into the environment
As a result of research a model of production structure of the enterprise in the forest-steppe zone is developed with considering providing working capital and optimal rotation. Developing the model and determining its optimal size provide harmonization of economic, environmental and social performance.
The developed model shows that optimal production structure increase the efficiency. Full providing of the need of working capital in the researched company will increase the sown area under corn and soybeans about 1.5-2 times that will increase the effectiveness of management compared to other crops yield. Reducing need providing up to 50% will result in rejection of winter wheat, corn and sugar beet yield which is lower or higher compared to they need to cost of cultivation.
Therefore, optimization of production structure on the basis of the recommendations and with the full implementation of the planned manufacturing operations will provide the company a profit of 1904 UAH per 1 ha of agricultural land.
The development of efficient agricultural land use in agrarian formations can be provided through a combination of economic, environmental and social efficiency. Balancing the interests of all stakeholders will enable producers to increase profitability and ensure competitiveness of sales, customers - to get high-quality and healthy products that meet their buying ability, and society as a whole - to keep a proper state of the environment, provide jobs and contributions to the budget.
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