Features of modeling and managment of darkling beetles (tenebrionidae) species for sunflower and maize in the forest-steppe of Ukraine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/biologiya2019.02.068Abstract
In modern conditions of development of agriculture, the priority is the cultivation of corn and sunflower, oriented on highly effective technologies and crops, which allows to sell the goods at a high price. This is achieved through a system of measures for the protection of cultivated plants from harmful phytophagous insects.
The article analyzes the present species population and dynamics of the number of darkling beetles in crops of cereals and technical crops, using modern resource-saving technologies of cultivation. The long-term dynamics of the pest population in sunflower and corn crops for 2000-2018 is presented, specifying the species composition and biology of the most common species: Pedin usfemoralis L., Blap shalophila Fishw., Opatrum sabulosum L., Oodescelis polita Strum., Blap slethifera Marsch., Crypticus quisquilius L.,
The analysis of scientific developments concerning the distribution of these pests in the Forest-steppe of Ukraine has been carried out. The phenology of the studied species, morphology of the studied species of darkling beetles in the region of research is specified. The peculiarity of pest reproduction and their migration in sunflower and corn crops is highlighted, depending on the soil-climatic conditions and the number of predatory carabid beetles and the influence of other useful fauna of the soil.
The data on the duration of harmful effects of false wireworms and adult beetles in sunflower and corn crops are given. The response of plants to damage of false wireworms, as well as the effectiveness of modern biological phytosanitary measures to manage the mass development of phytophagus, and resource-saving systems of agriculture in the Forest-steppe of Ukraine are described.
The main provisions concerning the control of the number of darkling beetles in modern agricultural systems, with the timely application of agrotechnical measures and biological preparations, and the increase of mechanisms of self-regulation of insects in short-rotation crop rotations are highlighted.
Keywords: sunflower, corn, species composition, darkling beetles, false wireworms, dynamics of population
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