Pink snow mold (Microdochium Nivale (Fr.) Samuels & I.C. Hallett) on turfgrass and control of its development
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/biologiya2019.03.112Keywords:
turfgrass, pink snow mold, disease severity, fungicides, efficiency.Abstract
The aim of the study was to establishdistribution of pink snow mold on turfgrass and to improve the measures for disease control. The crop survey was carried out in the Polissya, Forest-Steppe and Steppe areas. For the identification of pathogens, a selection of plant samples was carried out with further analysis in laboratory conditions. Experiments were carried out during 2015-2018 on the lawn mixture "Universalna". The effect of fungicides of various chemical groups and their mixtures was investigated. Treatment was carried out prophylactically in the fall before installing the snow cover. The assessments were performed according to generally accepted methods; disease spread, disease severity and technical efficiency of pesticides were determined.
Symptoms of pink snow mold were fixed annually with a large variation in the spread and severity of disease. Its highest development was recorded in the Zhytomyr region during the vegetative period 2017/2018, which is associated with a longer period of snow cover. The use of fungicides and their mixtures significantly reduced the number of infected plants, but the protective fungicidal action varied. The most effective was the use of a tank mixture of fungicides Maxim 025 FS (0.4-0.75 l/ha) with Horus 75 WG (0.3-0.6 kg/ha). The average level of fungicidal action was demonstrated by Horus 75 WG, Amistar Gold 250 SE and Amistar Extra 280 SC - 51.4-60.5%. In addition, due to the decrease in the disease development, positive effect on the formation of the quality of the lawn was achieved, projective coverage increased from 62 to 86%.
During 2015-2018, the results of the monitoring of the emergence and development of diseases showed that turfgrass was annually affected by snow mold. Development of the disease reached 14,7-26,4%. Preventive spraying of grass in the autumn period protects plants against pink snow mold in the spring. Under application of a mixture of fungicides Maxim 025 FS + Horus 75 WG high level protection was obtained. Depending on the flow rates it varied from 85.3 to 91.5%. Projective coverage thus increased from 62% to 80-86%.
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