Acoustic pollution of cities and its impact on human life activities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/biologiya15(1).2024.006Keywords:
acoustic pollution, acoustics, noise, physical parameters of noise, noise source, ultrasound, natural environmentAbstract
The results of acoustic measurements and sociological studies indicate that the main source of acoustic pollution in cities is motor vehicles. About one in two city residents suffers from the noise it generates.
Imperfect legislative and regulatory framework, lack of economic instruments to regulate acceptable levels of noise is the reason for the growth of acoustic pollution in cities.
The most investigated is industrial noise, while the problem of urban street noise is less studied. It is very difficult to study street noise because this type of noise can originate from a large number of sources.
The aim of the study was the measurement of noise pollution and its mode within two cities of different countries. In particular, it is the review of the processes of noise pollution impact on human health and the environment, analysis of the current state of noise pollution in urbanised territories, as well as the identification of modern mechanisms for solving noise pollution issues in urbanised territories.
Research methods: field measurements of acoustic pollution levels, analysis, statistical processing of research results, generalisation. Measurements of the maximum level of sound were carried out with the help of FLUSET-965 device. Measurements were conducted according to the standard methodology.
The dynamics of noise pollution in the streets of Holosievsky district of Kyiv in comparison with the streets of Cologne, Germany allows us to understand that the type of road surface, traffic intensity, organisation and composition of traffic flow has a significant impact on the level of noise pollution. The methods of calculation of the expected noise level of road transport can be taken as a basis for the selection of building-acoustic measures for protection of residential premises and public buildings from transport noise.
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