EFFECT OF RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION OF ENVIRONMENT BY NATURAL AND MANMADE RADIONUCLIDES ON PLANTS AND ANIMALS TERRESTRIAL COMMUNITIES
Abstract
Effects environmental contamination by natural and manmade radionuclides and, as a result, prolonged chronic irradiation by ionizing radiation on plants and animals terrestrial communities were considered. The biological effects of small irradiation doses on wild plants and animal populations at cell, tissues and organism levels were analyzed. Available experimental data allows making a conclusion about high sensitivity of many physiological and biochemical processes in plant and animal tissues to chronic action of low-level ionizing radiation under natural condition as well as radionuclide contamination. The differences in antioxidants content in tissues of mice-similar rodents in control and radioactive territories and in quantitative correlation of separate phospholipide fractions in animal tissues of «Chernobyl» population were discovered. It allows assuming the dependence of biochemical parameters of animal tissues from natural population on ecological-populational factors, as well as the possibility of cell processes regulation alterations in tissues of animal living on territories with high radiation background, during dozens of generations. The action of small dozes ionizing radiation caused the non-specific reactions, typical for different stages of adaptation syndrome and leads to natural development of compensatory reorganization of organs of different systems, which is organism adaptation reactions to action of radioecological factorwere showed. However, this mechanism directed only to population survival but not on its prosperity in conditions of this kind.
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