Diversity of fungi in the Carpathian mountains: literature review and investigation of current biological and ecological aspects
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/biologiya14(3-4).2023.004Keywords:
species diversity, ethnomycology, Red Book of Ukraine, ecosystem, mycocoenosis.Abstract
Biodiversity conservation is one of the fundamental prerequisites for sustainable environmental development. This research aims to study the diversity of fungi in the Carpathian Mountains and their distribution across major biotopes, analyze the results of anthropogenic influence, and develop practical adaptation strategies. The study employed general scientific methods of cognition, including systematic analysis and synthesis, specification, deduction, generalization, abstraction, and formalization. This article critically synthesizes the species composition of fungi in the Ukrainian Carpathians, investigates the distribution of fungal species within their ranges, and assesses the current coverage of this topic in scientific literature. The research aimed to establish a system of regularities and peculiarities of the research object, such as the impact of climate change and anthropogenic pressure on fungal diversity in the Ukrainian Carpathians.
The formalization method was employed to formulate priority vectors for stabilizing and optimizing mycocoenoses in the Ukrainian Carpathians and to document the research results for active practical implementation in the region's environmental optimization process. A system of preventive measures is proposed as part of the strategy for adapting the environment to anthropogenic-climatic dynamics. Key measures for optimizing the ecological situation in the field of mycology in the region have been developed.
The practical significance of the obtained results lies in their potential use for studying the dynamics of fungal diversity in the Ukrainian Carpathians during periods of global climate change. This research also contributes to developing adaptation strategies at regional and national levels and forming a comprehensive approach to biodiversity preservation in protected areas.
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