Influence of shelterbelts of different designs on soil fertility and moisture availability in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi.1(107).2024.024Keywords:
forest belts, soil fertility, acidity, humidity, moisture availabilityAbstract
During 2020-2023, the authors studied nutrient reserves, namely the content of humus, mobile nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, as well as the level of acidity in the soil layers of 0-20 and 20-50 cm in openwork-blowing, openwork, dense forest strips, determined the reserves of total and available moisture, the dynamics of productive moisture and moisture availability during the growing season in individual collective farms in the Uman district of Cherkasy region. Studies have shown that the humus content in forest strips of various designs ranges from 2.5 to 3.6%. That is, the humus content is low. The highest amount of humus was found in the openwork design of the forest belt. The pH level in the 0-20 cm soil layer ranges from 5.87 in the openwork-blown forest belt to 7.3 units in the dense one. The highest NO3 content is observed in the 20-50 cm soil layer in the openwork forest belt - 141.4 mg/kg. The P2O5 content in the lower soil layer ranges from 62.1 mg/kg to 142.0 mg/kg. The highest P2O5 content of 168.0 mg/kg was found in the 0-20 cm soil layer of the openwork-blow forest belt. The amount of K2O in the upper soil layer is the same for all variants, in the lower layer it varies from 73.3 to 91.0 mg/kg.
The openwork-blown forest belt has an available moisture reserve of 44.88 mm, the openwork belt - 51.03 mm, and the dense belt - 67.24 mm, which, compared to the dense forest belt, the moisture content of the openwork-blown belt is 33.27% lower and that of the openwork belt is 24.11% lower.
Investigating the dynamics of changes in moisture productivity and moisture availability during the growing season (May-October) in all variants of the experiment both in 0-20 cm and 0-50 cm soil layer, a significant decrease in these indicators is observed. Thus, in the openwork-blown forest strip in the 0-20 cm soil layer in May, from 68 mm and 78%, these indicators decreased in October to 17 mm and 18%, respectively, i.e., in terms of moisture productivity by 4 times and moisture availability by 4.3 times. This indicates that the productivity and moisture content of the experimental forest strips are much higher compared to the control (open field), where the moisture productivity is 42 mm and the moisture availability is 35%.
At a depth of up to 50 cm, the soil moisture content in the blown forest strips is one and a half to two times less than in the openwork forest strips. In favorable years, this difference in soil moisture remains throughout the growing season. The growth and development of tree species in the first half of the growing season (May-June) is carried out at the expense of moisture accumulated during snowmelt or winter rains in the lower soil layers. In the second half of the growing season, tree species receive moisture from summer precipitation that falls in late July and early August and accumulates in the upper soil layers.
References
Vysotska, N.Y., Sydorenko, S.V., & Sydorenko, S.H. (2018). Recreational influence on the condition and structure of forest shelter belts. Forestry and agroforestry. 132. 84-93. http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/lisam_2018_132_12.
Zvorska, N.V., & Shlapak, V.P. (2022). Influence of field windbreaks within ekoton effect on sunflower yield on the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. Scientific Bulletin of UNFU , 32(2), 13–18. https://doi.org/10.36930/40320202
Klymenko, M.O., Tkachuk, O.P. & Pankova S.O. (2021). Ecological problems of functioning of protective forest lands in the conditions of Forest Steppe of the Right Bank. Agriculture and forestry, 1 (20), 179-194. DOI:10.37128/2707-5826-2021-14.
Kozishkurt, S. M. & Tokar, I. V. (2021). Soil moisture conservation is an important condition for efficient agricultural production. Sustainable development of the country in the context of European integration: materials of the All-Ukrainian scientific and practical conference of higher education applicants and young scientists (pp. 102-104). Zhytomyr: Zhytomyr Polytechnic.
Miroshnyk N., Lavrov V., Grabovskyi M., Grabovska T., Teslenko I. (2020). Comparative analysis of the ecological structure of phytoriversity of field protective forests in the fields of organic and traditional production. Ecological sciences, 3(30), 64-72. http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/ekolnauk_2020_3_13.
Sydorenko, S.V, Bila, Yu. M. (2017). Features of snow and moisture distribution under the influence of shelter belts of dense construction. Forestry and Forest Melioration, 131, 104-112. http://jnas. nbuv. gov. ua/article/UJRN-0000869700 [In Ukrainian]
Sytnyk O.S. (2005). Forestry features and field-protective role of different structure windbreaks in Right Bank Forest-Steppe Zone. (Doctoral thesis, National Agricultural University, Kyiv , Ukraine).
Sovakov О.V. (2010). The windbreaks field-protective effectiveness system in the Right-Bank of the Forest-Steppe Zone (Doctoral thesis, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv).
Strelchuk, L. M. (2015). Increasing the productivity of crops under the influence of field protection plantations in the Kherson region. Agroecological Journal, 2, 78-82. http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/agrog_2015_2_16.
Tkachuk, O.P. & Pankova, S.O. (2023). Agricultural influence factors on the environmental state of the low-protected forest strips of the Right-bank Forest Steppe. Agriculture and forestry, 1 (28), 183-194. DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2023-1-13
Chornyj, S.G. (2018). Ocinka jakosti gruntiv. Mykolaiv: MNAU.
Yukhnovskiy, V.Y. (2003). Forest and agricultural landscapes of the plain Ukraine: optimization, standards, environmental aspects. Kyiv. Institute of Agrarian Economics.
Yukhnovskiy, V.Y., Dudarets, S.M. & Maliuha V.M. (2012). Agroforestry. Kyiv, Condor.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Relationship between right holders and users shall be governed by the terms of the license Creative Commons Attribution – non-commercial – Distribution On Same Conditions 4.0 international (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0):https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.uk
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
