THE EXPERIMENTAL PATHOGENESIS OF DIFFUSE TOXIC GOITER IN RATS

Abstract

The main cause of goiter is traditionally believed to be iodine deficiency in the environment. At the same time, sobno endemo increasingly began to record and iodine filled in the regions, reflecting the growing importance ecopathogens, part of which has zoogenic impact. The article presents the results of a study of some aspects of the pathogenesis of experimental goiter in rats the influence of potassium perchlorate. It is established that the feeding to rats of 1% aqueous solution of potassium perchlorate leads to a significant decrease in activity in the serum of animals free thyroxine, increased thyroid weight and reduced weight of rats.

In recent years waveplates increased interest in the study of thyroid disease in animals, which is accompanied by changes of its structure and about' mu . The most common form of disease is a diffuse non-toxic goiter, the Genesis of which is heterogeneous. The main reason for this is traditionally considered goiter deficiency of iodine in the environment. At the same time, sobno endemo increasingly began to record and iodine in the affluent regions, reflecting the growing importance ecopathogens, part of which has zoogenic impact. The latter can be associated with copathogens influence on the expression of the function of enzymes involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones, the change of the ratio of the microelement composition of the environment and factors that impair the function thyreocyte.

The experiments were performed on albino rats aged 1.5 months, with an average initial body weight of 145±3 g. the Rats were divided into two groups: experimental and control. Animals of the experimental group within 65 days of the experiment instead of drinking water vidouville 1 % solution of potassium perchlorate. Control animals received water containing potassium perchlorate. As feed rats received a balanced complete feed designed for feeding of this species. Blood samples and thyroid glands for the study were taken from animals on the last day of the experiment. In the serum of investigated the activity of free thyroxine (вТ4); selected in the thyroid gland was determined by morpho metric parameters (size, weight). The concentration of free thyroxine was determined by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay using the kit "SV T4–KS–ELISA". Monitoring of animal weight was performed every 7 days throughout the period of research. The obtained data were processed statistically using student's t test.

In determining the activity of free thyroxine in serum was found a significant reduction in animals of the experimental group compared to the control by 63.2 % (P<0.01).  Therefore, the feeding to rats of 1% solution of perchlorate of potassium in animals causes persistent and profound inhibition of the biosynthesis of вТ4 , due to the violation of the structure and, hence, the function of the thyroid gland.

At the same time in animals of the experimental group recorded a significant increase in thyroid weight 3.2 times in comparison with animals of control group (P<0.001), indicating that, obviously, the presence of pathological processes in this organ, accompanied by accumulation of edematous fluid (chronic swelling).

Therefore, for the actions of potassium perchlorate observed a significant decrease in the activity of free thyroxine in serum, the increase in thyroid weight and decrease in weight, according to the result of reducing functional voltage of the gland, which is accompanied by the development of diffuse grebeschikova process, that in conditions of iodine deficiency is realized due to the intensive stimulation of proliferation of cellular elements, and leads to stunted growth of animals.

            Thus, our results are consistent with experimental results of other scientists whose data indicate that long-term feeding of animals with thyreostatics, leading to inhibition of growth of body weight of the animals, especially during the first 2 months of drug administration.