THE INFLUENCE OF OPERATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE ACCURACY OF SUGAR BEET SOWING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2016.03.024Keywords:
seed, seeding rate, interval, coefficient of variation, operating speed of sower, yield surface, two-dimensional section.Abstract
The given article represents the results of research of the influence of basic technological (seeding rate, the average spacing between seeds) and operational (speed of sowing unit) factors on the optimization criterion - the coefficient of variation of seed placement. The graphs and two-dimensional yield surface sections are built with the help of Mathcad 14 software.
One of the main factors of increasing the yield of sugar beet and sugar content is uniformity of placing of plants; and at the sowing stage – the precision of seeding along the length of the line (V.S.Basin [1], O.A. Makovetskiy [2], M.P.Shapoval [3], V.I.Palamarchuk [4], V.M.Sinchenko [5] and others). In particular, according to research of modeling crops of V.M. Sinchenko, at the average range of 20-25 cm and reducing the coefficient of variation of spacing between plants from 50% to 25% the yield of root crops increases reaping on 4,7-5,3 t/ha.
Exploratory experiments and theoretical studies found that the main influence on the criteria optimization (coefficient of variation of seed placement ) is made by the following factors: operational – the speed of the sowing unit (Y, m/s); technological – seeding raste (N, pcs/m) and the average interval between seed (S, cm) [6].
The aim of research – is to determine the influence of the main operating and technological factors on the value of variation coefficient of seed placement during sugar beet sowing.
Materials and methods of research. Experiment design and mathematical data processing was made via the well-known methods [7, 8].
Results and discussion. In order to research the uniformity of seeding intervals the levels of factors varying were determined.
The experiment of type was made, where the number of factors is , the number of levels is , the number of experiments is , the number of repeating experiments is .
As a result of calculations of regression coefficients the mathematical model of the second order (1) was obtained. Further it was decoded (2).
To build the yield surfaces and their two-dimensional sections with the help of Mathcad 14 based on the polynomial (1) the values ; ; were substituted to the equations.
Conclusions. The common influence of interaction of basic factors ( – the operating speed of sower Y, – the seeding rate N) in the extremum domain for variation coefficient of seed placement is at point with з under the values of factors equal to Y=1,35 m/s and N=7,4 psc/m. The extremum domain is in the range of Y=1,2…1,4 m/s and N=7…8 psc/m.
References
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