INFLUENCE FERTILIZERS AND FUNGICIDES ON PRODUCTIVITY, QUALITY AND EFFICINCY OF SUGAR BEET
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2016.05.019Keywords:
sugar beet, fertilizers, fungicides, harvest, disease puff deviceAbstract
Introduction. Sugar beets are extremely costly and energy-intensive culture, but at the same time is able to provide high income per unit area. In order to realize the maximum biological potential must use adequate amounts of organic and mineral fertilizers, conduct chemical plant protection from weeds, pests and diseases, leading to pesticide load on plants and soil, and apply technological operations care culture which is quite energy intensive.
A promising way out of this situation is the use of micronutrients in leaf-feeding that enhance yield and sugar content of sugar beet roots. Trace elements contained in chelated form can enhance plant immunity, improve productivity by increasing assimilation leaf surface sugar beet and accelerate metabolism, thus increasing the nutrient content in plants.
The aim of research was to study the effect of different variants of top dressing fertilizers and application of modern remedies for growth, development, yield and quality and economic efficiency of growing sugar beets.
Materials and methods of research. Research conducted over the years 2013-2015 in the fields of experimental farm "Salyvinky" Institute of bioenergy crops and sugar beet, which is located in Kyiv region.
Soil research field - deep black soil, arable layer has a granular silty structure and subsoil - roundish-granular. The structure of the solid phase mineral soil is 37% physical clay and 63 % sand, soil density at steady state 1,16-1,25 g/cm3, moisture resistant fading - 10.8%.
On the whole growing season 2013-2015 yy. was quite favorable for plant growth and development of sugar beet, with the exception of several hottest months of 2015.
Scheme field experiments included the following factors: Factor A. Foliar feed fertilizers: control - without micronutrients, Mono Bor + Molybdenum (N, B, Mo) – 2 l/ha Micro Beet (N, MgO, SO, Fe, Mn, B, Zn and others.) - 4 l/ha + Micro + Macro Mono - a mixture of micronutrients - 2 + 2 + 4 l/ha. Fungicides Factor B: control - without fungicides, Falcon - 0.6 l/ha, super Alto - 0.6 l/ha. Area elementary and accounting areas sown respectively 48 and 31.1 m2; repetition - three times.
Results and discussion. The use of fungicides in crops both studied hybrids helped us change the yield of roots. Use Falcone average for the three years allowed for an increase yield at 10.2 t/ha at the same time provided crop fungicide treatment we received Alto Super Harvest root crops 11.8 t/ha more.
Despite the additional costs associated with the use of fungicides - are economically paying off in full, so the use of complex micronutrients when used Alto Super Falcon or allowed to get maximum exposure level of profitability of sugar beet, namely 63.9 and 65 and 7% respectively.
It is said that often the conditions of the small spread of disease puff staff costs for the purchase and use of fungicides not fully be purged an increase sugar beet yields. So, if applied fertilizers Bor + Molybdenum profitability in the control variant was 58.4%. And by making additional Falcone - 55.2 Alto and super - 56.6%. It should be noted that the yield of sugar beets on these options was 77.1 and 78,5 t/ha, which is not under control - without the use of fungicides - 77,1 t/ha, but the cost per unit of output increased significantly and were not covered an increase of productivity of the combined use of these drugs.
Conclusions. Using complex micronutrients Bor + molybdenum + Micro Beet sugar beets and protection from diseases foliar fungicide Falcon apparatus yielded 82.1 t/ha of sugar beet. A similar scheme of micronutrients using as protection apparatus Alto super crop provided 83.7 t/ha for sugar content of 17.6 and 17.7 % sugar and collecting 14.5 and 14.8 t/ha, respectively.
It is established that the use of complex micronutrients (Bor + molybdenum + Micro Beet) if the use or Alto Super Falcon provided the cost of one ton of roots at 301.5 and 298.3 uah./ t, and allowed us to obtain the maximum performance level of profitability of sugar beet, namely 63.9 and 65.6% respectively.
References
Sinchenko, V. M. (2010).Tsukrovіburyaki: іstorіya, sorti і gіbridi, tekhnologіya, virobnitstvo [Sugar beets: history, varieties and hybrids, technology, manufacturing]. ISB NAANU, 186.
Royik, M. V.,Ermantraut, E. R., Macevecka, N. M. (2002). Produktivnіst’ gіbridіv novogo pokolіnnya [The performance of new generation hybrid] Sugar beet, 3, 18-19.
Zherdetskyy, I. M. (2008). Pozakoreneve pіdjivlennya u procesі formuvannya vrojayucukrovogoburyaku [Foliar application in the process of sugar beet harvest].Interdepartmental thematic scientific collection "Agriculture", 80, 115-121.
Sinchenko, V. N. (2014). Bioadaptivnaya tehnologiya viraschivaniya saharnoi svekli [Bioadaptive technology of cultivation of sugar beet]. Sugarbeet, 8, 10-13.
Tyutyunov, S. I. (2014). Effektivnost’ intensifikacii tehnologii vozdelivaniya saharnoi svekli [The effectiveness of the intensification of cultivation technologies sugar beets].Sugar beet, 9, 36-37.
Minakova, O. A. (2014). Sposobi primeneniya mikroudobrenii Mikrovit i Organo_bor v posevah saharnoi svekli [Methods of application and micronutrients Microvit Organo-Bor in crops of sugar beet].Sugar beet, 3,15-17.
Gureev, I. I. (2014). Posledstviya narusheniya agrotehniki v sveklovodstve [Consequences of infringement of farming in the beet].Sugarbeet, 2, 24-27.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Relationship between right holders and users shall be governed by the terms of the license Creative Commons Attribution – non-commercial – Distribution On Same Conditions 4.0 international (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0):https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.uk
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
