ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF SANITARY-CHEMICAL STATE OF OPEN WATER RESERVOIRS NEAR PIG FARMS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2016.06.007Keywords:
environmental assessment, open waterreservoirs, pig farms, sanitary-chemical analysis, water qualityAbstract
Intensive development of the livestock industry causes environmental problems through penetration polluting components into the environment. A special place in these problems takes the problem of quality water.
The source of water pollution is the improper storage of manure and wastewater emissions (urine, waste water from washing and disinfection of equipment), the late disposal of dead animals. In the pollution of the environment directly involved also play precipitation that promote faster and better movement of harmful components in the soil profile and move them in the ground water and open waters located nearby.
This situation can cause negative effects on the animals' kept, staff and people that are living nearby. The purpose of our study was the environmental assessment of sanitary-chemical state of water reservoirs near pig farms.
To study the ecological state of water reservoirs near pig farms was chosen water in the sanitary protection zone (SPZ) of limited liability company (Llc.) "Agricultural company (AC) "Fastivets'ke, named Zelen'ka", with a population of 9,000 heads a year (Fastivets' village, Fastivs'kyj district, Kyiv region.).
As a control there had been taken a water reservoir located 3 km to South-East from Kodaky village, Vasyl'kivs'kyj district, Kyiv region.
When addressing methodological issues the study was based on methodological recommendations for studying the impact of livestock farms on the environment (MU #2289-81). Sanitary-chemical analysis of water quality conducted on the basis of the following parameters: transparency, pH, suspended solids and losses during the ignition, dissolved oxygen, COD and BODfull.
According to conducted research the transparency of water in the pond near pig farms dramatically (almost thrice) decreases compared to the transparency of control water reservoir. Although this indicator is not regulated and we cannot talk about unfit the water for use, but we can say that the water quality is low.
The research results indicate that the activity of Llc. "AC "Fastivets'ke, named Zelen'ka" increases the alkalinity of water in the reservoir, which is located about it. Although value of the water’ pH in the reservoir studied slightly higher than corresponding indicator of control reservoir, but it still goes outside pH, that set by SanPiN #4630-88 and GOST 2761-84. So investigated water reservoir becomes unfit or as a source of centralized or decentralized drinking water or bathing, sports or recreation of population.
Because Llc. "AC "Fastivets'ke, named Zelen'ka" does not direct discharge of waste water into the reservoir, we cannot judge the danger of its activities. However, we can say that the content of suspended solids in the pond near pig farms significantly (almost twice) higher than the indicator of control variant.
Losses during the ignition of suspended solids in the pond water within SPZ of studied farm are high. These indicates that a significant proportion of suspended solids have an organic provenance, the source of which is Llc. "AC "Fastivets'ke, named Zelen'ka". In addition, the indicator is much higher than the corresponding indicator of the control pound.
The concentration of dissolved oxygen in both events is according to hygienic requirements. Although the content of dissolved oxygen in the pond within the SPZ of pig farms slightly lower than in the control reservoir.
COD value as in the studied reservoir, and the control pound significantly (by a factor of almost 5) exceed the values that satisfy hygiene rules. This demonstrates the high contamination and unfit for any use of both waters, although water near of Llc. "AC "Fastivets'ke, named Zelen'ka" little more dirty.
Pig farms seriously contaminate ponds, located nearby; this in turn increases their biological oxygen demand. Although BODfull in the control pond also high and exceed the hygienic requirements for drinking and communal-household water supply, but according to GOST 2761-84 water still consort with the 3rd quality class. The value of BODfull in the studied point significantly exceeds any value of hygiene requirements.
So on the basis of the results revealed that the activity of pig farms significantly worsen sanitary-chemical state of water reservoirs located in the SPZ. Almost all indicators of the sanitary-chemical analysis of water in the reservoir studied much (sometimes twice-thrice) higher than the corresponding indicators for water quality of the control pond. Only the content of dissolved oxygen in water completely accords the sanitary requirements.
It was established that environmental condition of the reservoir indicates an important role of rainfall in the migration of pollutants because direct discharge of sewage is missing. This in turn confirms the urgent need to provide for pig farms latest technologies of purification, storage and disposal of waste and flawless and timely execution of each of these stages.
References
Varhanova, A. D., Maksin, V. I., Arsan, V. O., Babenko, H. I.(2014). The ecological status of water objectsin Kyiv region [Ekolohichnyj stan vodnykh ob'iektiv Kyivs'koi oblasti]. Scientific Issues TNPU. Series: Biology, 4(61), 90-94.
Pork production in Ukraine increased by 4,5%. Available at: http://agravery.com/uk/posts/show/virobnictvo-svinini-v-ukraini-zroslo-na-45.
GOST2761-84.Sources of centralized drinking water supply. Hygienic, technical requirements and selection rules.
Demchuk, M. V., Chornyj, M. V., Vysokos, M. P., Pavliuk, Ya. S. (1996). Animals’ hygiene [Hihiiena tvaryn]. Kyiv, Ukraine: Urozhaj, 384.
Drozdova T. M.Sanitary and food hygiene. Available at:http://medbib.in.ua/sanitariya-gigiena-pitaniya261.html.
DSTU4077-2001. Water quality. Determination ofpH.
DSTUISO 5813:2004. Water quality. Determination of dissolved oxygen. Iodometric method.
DSTU ISO 5815-2:2009.Water quality. Determination of biochemical oxygen demand after n days (BODn). Part 2: Method for undiluted samples.
DSTU ISO 6060:2003. Water quality. Determination of the chemical oxygen demand.
DSTUISO 7027:2003. Waterquality. Determinationofturbidity.
Dubyn, O. M., Vasylenko, O. V. (2006). Environmental monitoring of water quality in non-centralized water supply sources in the area of influence of livestock breeding complex [Ekolohichnyj monitorynh iakosti vody dzherel netsentralizovanoho vodopostachannia u zoni vplyvu tvarynnyts'koho kompleksu]. Bulletin of Uman National University of Horticulture, 1, 16-19.
Koval'chuk V. A.Sewage treatment [Ochystka stichnykh vod]. Rivne, Ukraine: VAT «Rivnens'ka drukarnia», 622.
Lectures on ecology. Available at : http://ecology-lectures.ru/dzherela-zabrudnennya-i-jxnij-vpliv-na-navkolishnye-prirodne-seredovishhe/ocenka-stanu-vodnih-objektiv.
Masberh, I. V. (2014). Environmental features of aquatic ecosystems and coastal areas of Western Crimea [Ekolohichni osoblyvosti stanu vodnykh ekosystem i pryberezhnykh terytorij zakhidnoho Krymu]. Institute of Agroecology and Environmental Management, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Ukraine. Kyiv, 20.
MU #2289-81.Methodical recommendations for studying the impact of livestock farms on the environment.
Semenov, A. D. ed. (1977). Guide to chemical analysis of superficial land water [Rukovodstvo po himicheskomu analizu poverhnostnyh vod sushi]. Leningrad, Russia: Gidrometeoizdat, 542.
SanPiN #4630-88. Sanitary Rules and Norms for the protection of surface waters again stpollution.
Lur'e, Ju. Ju. ed. (1973). Uniform methods of analysis of water[Unificirovannye metody analiza vod]. Moskow, Russia: Himija, 376.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Relationship between right holders and users shall be governed by the terms of the license Creative Commons Attribution – non-commercial – Distribution On Same Conditions 4.0 international (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0):https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.uk
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
