CHARACTERISTIC OF THE BIOFILMFORMATION AND ADHESION PROPERTIES OF THE CLINICAL ISOLATES OF THE FUNGI OF GENUS CANDIDA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2017.02.004Keywords:
fungi of genus Candida, adhesion, biofilmsAbstract
Introduction. Wide use of invasive technologies in medicine creates new ecological niches for microorganisms and leads to the colonization, and then to the infection of patients with hospital strains. In hospitals surgical profile the fungi of the genus Candida are among the ten most common pathogens and in intensive therapy units they occupy fifth place, accounting for 17.1% of the total number of infectious complications. Study of the adhesive properties and ability to form biofilm can be quite a trustworthy and convenient tool for evaluating the pathogenic potential of strains and prediction of the development of fungal infection.
Research objective. To analyze the biological properties of causative agents of fungal infection of patients who were in long-term resuscitation department in intensive therapy multidisciplinary hospital.
Materials and methods. In the experiments used 33 strains of Candida isolated from urine (n=6), sputum (n=7), blood (n=7) and pharynx (n=13) patients were in the resuscitation department and intensive therapy.
Adhesive properties of the isolated strains of microorganisms were studied in human erythrocytes of RH-positive 0 (I) blood group according to the method of Brillis V. I. et al. Interpretation of the results was performed based on the index of adhesiveness of microorganisms (IAM). The microorganism consider as none-adhesive when IAM 1,75; low-adhesive from 1,76 to 2.5; average-adhesive from of 2.51 to 4.0; and high-adhesive when IAM more than 4.0.
The ability of biofilm formation by fungi was carried out according to the method of Romanova J. M. et al. Quantitative determination of the growth of biofilm were used values of absorbance (U OD). All studies were conducted four times.
The quantitative research results were subjected to statistical processing by standard methods of variation statistics.
Research results and discussion. Strains of fungi of the genus Candida isolated from the same biotopes and differed in the ability of adhesion and ability to form of biofilms. These results indicate that the identified culture exhibit a high capacity to attach to human cells. None-adhesion strains have been detected only in species C. albicans, C. glabrata, low-adhesive – C. albicans. For species such as C. kruzei, C. tropicalis, C. sake, C. lusitaniae, C. parapsiolis we identified strains with medium and/or high-adhesive on average, maximum values of adhesiveness characteristic of the strains of species C. krusei and C. sake, the minimum C. glabrata.
We discovered that high-adhesive and average-adhesive strains have been detected in urine and blood, whereas in smears from the pharynx and sputum showed none- and low-adheasive strains. In urine we identified strains with maximum adhesive properties: C. albicans No. 4, C. tropicalis No. 366, C. albicans No. 259, in the blood high-adheasive strains was C krusei. No. 356, C. albicans No. 1, C. lusitaniae No. 168, sputum C. sake No. 163, C. krusei 408.
When analyzing the average number of formed biofilm strains isolated from various biomaterials, it can be noted that the highest ability to form biofilms possessed strains isolated from urine (0,55 ± 0,12 U OD) and the smallest was isolated from throat (0,32 ± 0,03 U OD). The strains isolated from sputum and from the blood, had an average value (0,37± 0,11 and 0,43 ± 0,07 U OD). This characteristic of the group of strains among themselves did not differ (p>0.05).
On the basis of considerations that the first and necessary step in biofilm formation is adhesion, naturally was the study of adhesive properties of yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida and comparison with known ability to form biofilms.
Therefore, it is possible to determine that the strains with a high degree of adhesiveness to form a larger biofilm than strains with medium and low adhesiveness. Investigated strains of fungi of the genus Candida is more ability to form biofilm for 48 h than for 24 hours In vitro.
Conclusion
1. The investigated strains of fungi isolated from the same type of biological material, characterized by the ability to adhesion and biofilm formation, so this characteristic is statusbaritem.
2. High-adhesive and average-adhesive strains were isolated from urine and from blood. The highest ability to form biofilms possessed the strains isolated from the urine. The strains isolated from the pharynx, were characterized by the lowest ability to form biofilm, and the greatest – in strains isolated from urine, but no significant difference in these indicators.
3. Strains with a high degree of adhesiveness have more ability to form biofilms than the strains with average- and low- degree of adhesiveness.
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