ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSPORTATION PROCESS OF MATERIAL BY THE COMBINED SCREW CONVEYOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2017.05.027Keywords:
шнек, коефіцієнт заповнення, горизонтальний конвеєр, факторний експеримент, емпірична модель, частота обертання, діаметр, крок.Abstract
In agrarian production screw conveyors are intended for transportation (moving in horizontal, sloping and vertical directions) of products of agrarian production.
As a separate technological element of transport mechanisms, screw conveyors are used for the materials transportation due to their reliability, ease of maintenance, loading ability and full or partial unloading of material anywhere in the production line.
Helical screw conveyors, which are made on the basis of screw conveyors, are an integral part of complex mechanization and automation of production processes. Their share in loading and unloading operations is 40-45%.
The conducted analysis of the current state of the screw transport mechanisms functioning showed, that there are significant preconditions for conducting further scientific works, which are aimed at development, research and implementation into production of energy-saving, high-tech combined screw conveyors, which ensure the efficient performance of adjacent functional operations, such as transportation, as well as the simultaneous shredding of raw materials of agricultural production in the process of its processing.
The purpose of the study is to increase the technological parameters of the process of simultaneous shredding and transportation of root crops by developing and substantiating the parameters of the working bodies of the combined screw conveyor-shredder.
The criteria that characterize the economic efficiency of the transport machinery or equipment, is the productivity of their work, the energy consumption of the material transportation process, the reliability and stability of the implementation of the technological process, the work life, etc.
The presence of simultaneous technological operations of transportation and grinding of material (roots), or the presence of shredder knives installed in the screw conveyor through the screw conveyor along the screw line makes significant adjustments to existing techniques and methods for calculating screw mechanisms.
The justification for the rational parameters of the combined screw conveyor was carried out by analytical and experimental study of its productivity, which in general is determined by the performance of the screw conveyor. In this case, the criterion of technological efficiency of the working process of simultaneous grinding and transportation of root crops by screw conveyor will be the condition that the throughput of the screw conveyor should be no less than the supply of root crops for a certain period of time.
As a result of the analytical analysis of the simultaneous process of shredding and transportation of root crops, a condition for the efficient operation of the combined screw conveyor and a formula for determining the performance of the screw conveyor was obtained.
It is established that the calculated performance of the combined screw conveyor is in the range of 0.6...4.6 kg/s.
To verify the adequacy of theoretical research of the work productivity, was conducted experimental research of experimental sample of a combined screw conveyor on the basis of the implementation of the planned triple factor experiment, the independent variables were taken by: screw speed from 100 to 300 rpm; screw diameter from 0,12 to 0,2 m; Screw step from 0.05 to 0.11 m.
After evaluating the statistical significance of the coefficients of the regression equation and verifying the adequacy of the model, a regression equation is obtained that characterizes the change in the performance of the combined screw conveyor in natural quantities.
According to the regression equation, the response surface of the functional change in the performance of the combined screw conveyor is constructed.
It has been established that in the given limits of variation of factors, the change in the performance of the combined screw conveyor, determined experimentally, is in the range from 0.11 to 1.6 kg/s.
With an increase in the screw diameter from 0.12 to 0.2 m, the performance of the combined screw conveyor increases by an average of 0.5...0.7 kg/s, and for an increase in the speed of the screw from 100 to 300 rpm – an average of 0.7 kg/s. The increase in the performance of the combined screw conveyor within the increment of the screw step from 0.05 to 0.11 m is very small - the average increase in productivity is within the range of 0.1...0.15 kg/s.
Difference of experimental values according to the regression equation and the theoretical values obtained at the analytical level is within the limits of 5...10%.
Basis on the analysis of the obtained results it can be argued that the developed theoretical model, which at the analytical level describes the change in the performance of the combined screw conveyor, depending on the screw parameters, is adequate to the regression equation obtained at the empirical level.
Developed analytical and empirical models that can be used for further optimization of parameters and modes of work of screw transport mechanisms.
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