CORRELATION BETWEEN ECONOMIC AND BIOLOGICAL SIGNS OF COLLECTION TYPES OF WINTER TRITICALE

Abstract

 Introduction. For the successful selection of the triticale of winter it is important to know the dependence of the main feature on which the selection is carried out, from other quantitative traits of plants. Of particular importance are the patterns of the relationship of such quantitative characteristics as the productivity of the plant and its structural elements.

Goal. Determination of the degree of correlation (dependence) between quantitative signs of plant varieties of winter triticale. 

Methods. The research conducted at the department of fodder crop selection and on the fields of scientific research of Feed research and Agriculture of Podillya.

A collection of 114 varieties was used to study the material. Of these, 37 collectable varieties come from Ukraine, 38 from Russia, 19 from Belarus, 7 from Poland, 5 from Kazakhstan, 4 from Romania, 4 from Czech Republic. The test tab was held in 2014-2016.

The sowings of winter triticale were placed in seven-breeding selection crop rotation with peas as predecessor. The technology of cultivation is generally accepted for the forest-steppe zone. The sowing was carried out in optimal terms, as a rule, in the third decade of September.

The research methodology is generally accepted for field and laboratory research. 

Statistical processing of data was performed using software “IBM SPSS Statistics”.

Results and discussion. The correlation of quantitative characteristics of 114 varieties of winter triticale is determined. Identified both a significantly positive and a significantly negative correlation between the indicators of the attributes. 

The length of the ear in 2015 positively and reliably correlated with the amount of grains of the ear(r = 0.24), the weight of the grain from the ear (r = 0.46), the weight of the grain from the plant (r = 0.44), weight of 1000 seeds ( r = 0,4), yield (r = 0,29), negative - ear density (r = -0,75), in 2016 - number of grains from the ear (r = 0,28), the weight of grain from the ear ( r = 0.58), weight of grain from the plant (r = 0.48), yield (r = 0.25), negative - with ear density (r = -0.78).

The number of grains from the ear in 2015 positively and reliably correlated with the weight of grain from the ear (r=0.79), weight of grain from plant (r=0,58), yield (r=0,38), negatively correlated with the weight of 1000 seeds (r=-0,24), in 2016 – positive with weight of grains from ear (r=0,42), weight of grain from plant (r=0,42), negatively with weight from 1000 seeds (r=-0,33). 

The weight of grain from the ear in 2015 positively and reliably correlated with the weight of grain from plant (r=0,81), weight of 1000 seeds (r=0.31) and yield (r=0.56), in 2016 – positively with grain weight from plant (r=0,83), weight of 1000 seeds (r=0,29), yield (r=0,32), negatively with the density of ear (r=-0,19).

Conclusions. In the examined varieties (114 samples) of winter triticale during the research years (2015-2016) determined to be reliable both close (r> 0.70) and average (r <0.70; r> 0.30) correlation between the following plant attributes:

- The length of the ear and the weight of grain from the ear (average in 2015 at r = 0,46 and in 2016 at r = 0,58);

- The length of the ear and the weight of the grain from the plant (average in 2015 at r = 0,44 and in 2016 at r = 0,48);

- The length of the ear and the weight of 1000 seeds (average in 2015 at r = 0,4; in 2016, there is no reliable correlation between these figures);

- The length of the ear and the density of the ear (a close negative correlation in 2015 r = -0.75, and in 2016 at r = -0.78).