ORGANOLEPTIC EVALUATION OF APPLES CV. HONEYCRISP WITH POSTHARVEST ETHYLENE INHIBITOR TREATMENT

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2018.01.015

Keywords:

Honeycrisp, 1-methylcyclopropene, harvesting time, cooling mode, cold storage, organoleptic estimation

Abstract

Honeycrisp is an apple cultivar of American selection with a unique texture and high turgor of flesh, which provides high consumer demand. However, due to the non- simultaneous onset of harvest maturity, the fruits of this variety require multiple harvesting, sensitive to post-harvest cooling, and during storage they are affected by bitter pit, low-temperature burn and flesh browning. Consumers usually prefer to have firm, juicy, tasty and aromatic apples with flesh firmness not less than 4.5 kg / cm2. The firmness of the fruits cv. Honeycrisp for sale in the supermarkets should be higher than 6.2 kg / cm2.

The article presents the results of organoleptic evaluation of apples cv. Honeycrisp with post-harvest 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment after two months of refrigeration storage, depending on the harvest time and cooling regime. The purpose of the research was to achieve high quality parameters of apples cv. Honeycrisp with different terms of harvesting, special mode of cooling and postharvest 1-MCP treatment.

The research was conducted in the storage season 2014/2015 at the Department of Fruit Growing and Viticulture of Uman National University of Horticulture. Honeycrisp apples were collected and stored in a branch of the Department - the farm "Yanis", Khotyn district, Chernivtsi region.

The apples were harvested from the same trees at harvesting maturity (first collection) and a week later (second collection), taking into account firmness of the flesh, content of dry soluble substances and iodine-starch test. Fruits of homogeneous ripeness degree of the highest commercial grade were selected from typical trees of pomology varieties, accounting units were immediately formed and examined for damage, and placed into paper lined boxes.

On the day of collection, the products were cooled to 5 ° C overnight, followed by the storage at 2 ± 1 ° С and relative humidity 85-90% (conventional method) or cooled down slowly with a seven-hour exposure at 10 ° С and its subsequent decrease by 1 ° С per day to storage temperature 2 ± 1 ° С.

After three days of loading the refrigerator, half of the products were treated with 1-MCP on the recommendation of the manufacturer of the drug "SmartFresh". After 24-hours exposure, the container was removed and the fruits, which were traditionally cooled, were stored in a chamber at temperature of 2 ± 1 ° C and relative humidity of 85-90%, and the samples with slow-cooling were maintained in accordance with the procedure described above. Non-treated (control) and experimental products were placed side by side, since ethylene has no effect on 1-MCP processed fruit. Apple organoleptic evaluation was carried out on a ten-point scale after two months of cold storage. The impact of the studied factors was evaluated by the multivariate analysis of variance based on the program "Statistica".

After two months of storage, it was found out that apples cv. Honeycrisp collected in harvesting maturity had 1.1 points higher flavor, 0.6 higher firmness and crispness and 0.7 points higher overall score, compared to the fruits of the second collection. Juiciness, sweetness and sourness do not depend on the time of collection.

Compared with slow cooling, the aroma of traditionally cooled fruits was 1.0 higher. Firmness, crispness, juiciness, sweetness, sourness and the overall assessment of apples do not depend on the cooling mode.

The aroma evaluation of apples with post-harvest 1-MCP treatment was 3.1 points lower, the acidity was higher by 0.7 points, and firmness, crispiness, juiciness, sweetness and overall evaluation of apples are not dependent on treatment.

References

Jungs, S., Watkins, C. B. (2011). Involvement of ethylene in browning development of controlled atmosphere-stored Empire apple fruit. Postharvest biology and technology, 59, 219-226.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2010.08.019

Rosenberger, D., Schupp, J., Watkins, C., Lungerman, K., Hoying, S., Straub, D., Cheng, L. (2001). Honeycrisp: promising profit maker or just another problem child?. New York state horticultural society, 9, 3, 4-8.

Watkins, C. B., Nock, J. F. (2012). Controlled-atmosphere storage of Honeycrisp apples. HortScience. 47, 7, 886-892.

https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.47.7.886

Harker, F. R., Kupferman, E. M., Marin, A. B., Gunson, F. A., Tiggs, C. M. (2008). Eating quality standards for apple based on consumers preferences. Postharvest biology and technology, 50, 1, 70-78.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.03.020

Peneau, S., Hoehn, H., Roth, H. R., Escher, F., Nuessli, J. (2006). Importance and consumer perception of freshness of apples. Food quality and preference, 17, 1-2, 9-19.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2005.05.002

Watkins, C. B., Nock, J. F., Weis, S. A., Jayanty, S., Beadry, R. M. (2004). Storage temperature, diphenylamine and pre-storage delay effects on soft scald, soggy breakdown and bitter pit of Honeycrisp apples. Postharvest biology and technology, 32, 2, 213-221.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2003.11.003

Dzheneev, S. Yu., Ivanchenko, V. I., Dzheneeva, E. L. (1998). Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po hraneniyu plodov, ovoschey i vinograda (organizatsiya i provedenie issledovaniy) [Guidelines for the storage of fruits, vegetables and grapes (organization and research)]. The Institute of Vine and Wine «Magarach », Yalta, 152.

DeELL, J. R., Ehsani-Moghaddam, B. E., Bowen, A. J., Lesschaeve, I. (2015). Effects of 1-Methylcyclopropene and controlled atmosphere storage on the quality of Honeycrisp apples. Acta Hortic, 1071, 483-488.

https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1071.62

Downloads

Published

2018-02-28

Issue

No. 1(71) (2018)

Section

Agronomy

License

Relationship between right holders and users shall be governed by the terms of the license Creative Commons  Attribution – non-commercial – Distribution On Same Conditions 4.0 international (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0):https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.uk

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  • Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  • Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  • Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).