Productivity of oats depending on the introduction of organic fertilizers of the new generation in the conditions of the West Forest-Steppe
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2018.03.006Abstract
The results of many years of research on the influence of organic fertilizers Bioproferm, Bioactive, made by the method of accelerated biological fermentation and liquid organic fertilizer Biohrom, are presented. The cavitation method with balanced content of trivalent chromium on the yield and content of Cr+3 in oats of the Arkan variety conditions of the Western Forest-steppe.
The purpose of the research is to improve the technology of growing oak of the Arkan variety, which involves the use of organic fertilizers of the new generation Bioproferm and Bioactive, made by biological fermentation and liquid organic fertilizer Biohrom by the method of cavitation, to obtain oats with the required content of trivalent Chromium in the conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe.
Field and laboratory investigations were carried out in the conditions of the western forest-steppe during 2013-2016 at the experimental field of the Podilsky State Agrarian-Technical University. The soil of the experimental site - black earth is a typical heavy-granular granulometric composition.
Farming machinery for oats is generally accepted for the conditions of the western forest-steppe of Ukraine. Concomitant studies and observations are performed according to generally accepted techniques.
It has been established that organic fertilizers, made according to the latest technologies, have improved the agrochemical, agrophysical parameters of soil and their biological activity. The increase in the content of total nitrogen in the experimental variants was due to the introduction of all types of fertilizers. In particular, in the version where 10T/ha was introduced by "Biofuels" with the trace element Cr+3, the total nitrogen content was 36.5 mg/kg higher than that of the control. There was also an increase in the amount of mobile phosphorus by 29.0 mg/kg and exchangeable potassium by 8.4 mg/kg compared to the control. Against this background, the fertilizer has a clear pattern of increasing the content of chromium by 32.2 mg/kg compared to the control and 30.5 mg/kg compared with the option where bioactive 10 tons/ha were introduced. In the evaporation phase, the volcano has considerably increased the area of the leaf surface (by 15.5-16.7 thousand m2/ha). In the variants where bioactive biofuels and biofuels were introduced at a dose of 10 t/ha, the yield increased by 0.86-0.94 t/ha compared to the control.
The highest yield of oats (3.79 t/ha) with a grain content of 0.564 mg/kg Cr+3 was obtained in the version where 10 t/ha were introduced under the basic cultivation of "Bioproperments" soil and sprayed crops of oats of the Arkan variety in the culture of liquid culture Organic fertilizer "Biohrom" at a dose of 5 l/ha.
The positive role of trivalent chromium (in contrast to hexavalent chromium) in the biochemical processes of plant functioning is highlighted in the writings of many foreign authors. In particular, in the writings of A. Henging (1976), the important role of tri-chromium in improving the photosynthesis of plants of flax, wheat, rice, oats, corn, beans and increase their yields was noted. These data are confirmed by our research.
The use of organic fertilizers Biofirms and liquid organic fertilizers Biohrom positively affects the growth and development of oats plants during the entire period of their vegetation, and provides an increase in grain yield by 0.94-1.31 t/ha compared to control. It is of high quality, environmentally friendly, with the contents of the required amount of trivalent chromium.
Studies on the aftermath of organic fertilizers, manufactured using the latest technology, will be continued for the next oats after the crop rotation.
Key words: oats, organic fertilizers, Bioproperty, Biohrom, Bioactive, Crop yields, Cr+3 content
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