Influence of presowing irradiation of seeds by microwave high frequency field and plant growth regulator for formation of density of plants and yield of winter wheat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2018.04.008Abstract
The research on the effect of environmentally sound technology of pre-sowing microwave radiation of seeds and application of plant growth regulator on winter wheat in the Eastern part of the forest-steppe of Ukraine is presented.
An important stage in the technology of growing cereal crops is pre-sowing seed treatment. Existing methods for decontamination of seed material - mainly chemical drugs directed against phytopathogens. One of the modern means of pre-sowing seed treatment, which positively affects its crop quality, is microwave radiation (MWF) irradiation of extremely high frequencies (microwave). The perspectives of this method lies in environmental safety and low energy costs.
The purpose of the research is to develop ecologically safe ways to increase the yield of winter wheat in the conditions of the eastern part of the forest-steppe Ukraine through preplant irradiation of seeds of cereal cereal seeds by the microwave field of extremely high frequencies with subsequent treatment by plant growth regulators.
The irradiation of seeds by the microwave field (MWF) of extremely high frequencies (microwave) was carried out at the equipment of the Kharkov National University of Radio Electronics in the range 2,5-3,4 GHz at an energy consumption of 0,9 and 1,8 kW / kg of seeds for a period of from 5 to 95 seconds . Laboratory and field surveys during 2011-2013 were conducted with winter wheat wheat variety Astet in the laboratory of seed and seed science of the Institute of Plant Cultivation. V. Ya. Yuryeva NAAS.
Pre-sowing treatment of seeds after irradiation was carried out with the plant growth regulator Mars EL (0,2 l/t) and the seed etchant Vitavax 200 FF (2,5 l/ton).
Processing of seeds of MWF in ultrahigh-frequency in modes of 1,8 kW/kg, 15 sec. and 0,9 kW/kg, 45 sec, separately and in combination with the plant growth regulator, Mars EL caused an to the increase of field germination of seeds winter wheat, respectively, to 6,7-7,2 % and 5,3-8,0 %, compared with control – 90,2 %, plant density during autumn tillering by 4,5 and 6,7% and by 9,5 and 6,5 %, respectively, at 398 pc/m2 on the control, as well as density plants in the phase into the tube by 12,3 and 13,9 % and 15,0 and 9,9 %, respectively, which resulted in the formation of a greater number of productive stems in variants with seed treatment of MHP in ultrahigh-frequency and plant growth regulator at 39-56 pc/m2 or 7,9-11,3 %, at the 496 pcs/m2 on the control, and as a result of the increase in winter wheat grain yield by 0,24 t/ha (or 4,5 %) for pre-seed treatment of MWF in ultrahigh-frequency in the mode: 1,8 kW/kg seeds and exposure 15 sec with additional processing by plant growth regulator Mars EL or MWF in ultrahigh-frequency in the mode of 0,9 kW/kg of seeds and exposure for 45 seconds.
Key words: ultrahigh-frequency microwave field, plant growth regulator, winter wheat, field germination, plant density, yield.
References
Kalinin L. G ., Tuchnyi V. P., Levchenko Ye. A., Kindruk M. O., Vyshnevskyi V. V. Vyznachennia vplyvu mikrokhvylovoho polia na posivni i urozhaini yakosti nasinnia zlakovykh, oliinykh i ovochevykh kultur [Determination of the influence of the microwave field on the crop and yield quality of seeds of cereals, oilseeds and vegetable crops]. Mikrovolnovyye tekhnologii v narodnom khozyaystve. Kiyev - Odessa. 2000. Vypusk №2-3. S. 66-73.
Kindruk M. O., Vyshnevskyi V. V., Vyshnevska A. M. Mikrokhvylova biostymuliatsiia nasinnia [Microwave biostimulation of seeds]. Zh. Khranenye y pererabotka zerna. 2001. №4. S. 27–29.
Polevyk N. D., Popov V. M., Bydianov V. A. Vlyianye predposevnoi SVCh obrabotky semian golozernykh sortov yachmenia na ykh produktyvnost [Influence of presowing microwave treatment of seeds of holeriferous barley varieties on their productivity]. Zh. Khranenye y pererabotka zerna. 2011. №9 (147). S. 22–24.
Ponomarenko S. P., Nykolaenko T. K., Troian V. M. y dr. Rehuliatory rosta rastenyi na osnove N-oksydov proyzvodnykh pyrydyna. Fyzyko-khymycheskye svoistva y mekhanyzm deistvyia [Plant growth regulators based on N-oxides of pyridine derivatives. Physico-chemical properties and mechanism of action]. Rehuliatory rosta rastenyi. K. 1992. S. 28–55.
Nesterets V. H. Ahroklimatychni y tekhnohenni faktory formuvannia vrozhainosti zernovykh kultur v umovakh minlyvosti klimatu v pivdenno- skhidnii chastyni Stepu [Agroclimatic and technogenic factors of grain crop yield formation in conditions of climate variability in the southeastern part of the Steppe]. Zh. Zerno. 2010. №6. S. 41–44.
Vrkach F. Morfolohycheskaia struktura otdelnoho rastenyia y vysokoproduktyvnoho poseva [Morphological structure of an individual plant and highly productive sowing]. Formyrovanye urozhaia osnovnykh selskokhoziaistvennykh kultur. M.: Kolos. 1984. S. 58–62.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Relationship between right holders and users shall be governed by the terms of the license Creative Commons Attribution – non-commercial – Distribution On Same Conditions 4.0 international (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0):https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.uk
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
