Species composition, ecological and biological features of Dothideomycetes of the National nature park «Biloberezhzhya Sviatoslava»
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2018.06.002Abstract
TheNationalNaturalPark"Biloberezhzhya Sviatoslava" is located on the territory of the Ochakov and Berezansky districts of the Nikolaev region. The flora and mycobiota of the park include about 600 species of vascular plants, 74 species of bryophytes (Karnatovskaya, 2007; phytodiversity, 2012), 94 species of lichens and lichenicolous fungi (Khodosovtsev et al., 2017), 25 species of ascomycetes and mitosporic fungi (Korol’ova, Fadeeva, 2013). Among the representatives of the Dothideomycetes for the studied territory 5 lichenicolous species are listed (Khodosovtsev et al., 2017) and 4 species of xylotrophic micromycetes (Korol’ova, Fadeeva, 2013).
The purpose of the article is to establish a species diversity of Dothideomycetes and its structural characteristics in conditions of theNationalNaturalPark«Biloberezhzhya Sviatoslava».
The materials of the work were the original mycological collecting carried out within the mycological survey of this territory during 2007-2017, as well as the materials of the herbarium of the Institute of Botany named after M. Kholodny National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (KW). Herbarium collection and identification of the samples were performed in accordance with the generally accepted methods of cameral processing of xylotrophic, herbotrophic and coprothrophic micromycetes. To establish the taxonomic affiliation of species, the method of light microscopy was applied. For the identification of species, the determinants and monographs of domestic and foreign authors were used (Merezhko, 1980; Sivanesan, 1984; Ellis, Ellis, 1987); species names are consistent with corresponding reference books and databases (Mosyakin, Fedorchuk, 1999; Index Fungorum, 2017).
As a result of our research, a species diversity of Dothideomycetes has been established, which includes 30 species from 20 genera 16 families 6 orders 2 subclasses and groups of taxa of Incertae sedis. An annotated list of the Dothideomycetes of the National Natural Park «Biloberezhzhya Sviatoslava» is given.
The characteristic features of the taxonomic structure of the investigated mycobiota are the predominance of representatives of the order of Pleosporales (20 species, 67%), the family Leptosphaeriaceae, the genus Leptosphaeria (7, 23%). Common species are Leptosphaeria doliolum (Pers.) Ces. & De Not., Stemphylium vesicarium (Wallr.) E.G. Simmons (=Pleospora herbarum (Pers.) Rabenh.), Sigarispora caulium (Fr.) Thambug. (=Lophiostoma caulium (Fr.) Ces. & De Not.).
Herbotrophs associated with herbaceous plants (representatives of the genera Leptosphaeria, Pleospora, Ophiobolus) predominate in the ecological structure of the identified species composition.
The ascolocular fungi species are form consortium connections with 25 species of vascular plants from 23 genera of 12 families. An analysis of the quantitative distribution of fungi species for the families of vascular plants showed that their largest number is consortiously linked to plants from the family Asteraceae (13 species). The greatest number of fungal consorts is associated whis Artemisia marschalliana Spreng.
Thus, the species diversity of the Dothideomycetes of the National Natural Park "Biloberezhzhya Sviatoslava" includes 30 species from 20 genera 16 families 6 orders of the Dothideomycetidae and Pleosporomycetidae subclasses, and the Incertae sedis taxon group. In its taxonomic structure, the leading members of the order Pleosporales from the family Leptosphaeriaceae genus Leptosphaeria play a leading role. In the ecological structure of mycobiota it was marked the dominance of herbotrophs species. The ascolocular fungi species are form consortium connections with 25 species of vascular plants. The study of micromycetes of the National Nature Park "Biloberezhzhya Sviatoslava" must be continued in the direction of studying changes in their species structure under conditions of anthropogenic transformation of natural landscape complexes.
Key words: Dothideomycetes, species diversity, taxonomic structure, ecological features, «Biloberezhzhya Sviatoslava», steppe zone
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