Characteristics of memorial parks of the Bucha city of the Kiev region

Abstract

The article presents the results of the study of the current state of the Bucha Memorial Parks implemented during 2014-2016. The characteristics of six squares of the memorial functional direction are presented. All squares are created over the past 20 years in the central part of the city near the residential areas and occupy an area of one to 1.0 hectares. Planning the territory of the squares varies by using different planning techniques. Investigated squares are created on the territory of the forest-park zone with the preservation of existing vegetation, thus forming a semi-open type of spatial structure. It is established that among the types of plantings in squares dominated by arrays and solitters, there are occasional tree plantings, hedges.

According to the results of inventory of plantations in the territories of the Bucha memorial parks, 1641 plants were registered. The growth of 19 species of trees and shrubs has been determined. Prevailing deciduous trees, coniferous shrubs are not at all. The largest number of individuals prevails in the squares named L.M. Revutsky, "Glory" and "Peaceful atom". Most species diversity in the squares named T.G. Shevchenko, "Glory" and "Peaceful atom".

In general, plants in the Bucha town squares are in a satisfactory condition.

The predominant species of wood plants is pine, linden, small oak, ordinary hornbeam. Lifebones are usually made from Wignette spire, elongated black, common birch, barberry Tunberg; The evergreen boxwood and Japanese royal "Golden Princess" are used to create borders.

The biomorphological structure of the plantations of the memorial parks of Bucha is represented by a different number of taxa, which are formed by conifers and deciduous trees and bushes. These studies indicate that leafy tree species predominate in the stands of the parks, and the honeybee species of the bushes are represented by a single copy.

In the structure of the memorial parks in Bucha, a number of small architectural forms of decorative purpose – monuments, memorable signs and sculptures – are presented, which obliges balancers to pay attention to their condition.

Based on the conducted surveys, it has been established that most Bucha town parks have been created over the past 20 years. They have an area of one hectare and located in the central part of the city near residential areas.

Planning structure of squares is planned using various techniques. On the territory of all squares there are small architectural forms and structures that emphasize the memorial nature of the squares and dedicated to outstanding people and events. Also, squares are equipped with utility utilities. Due to the fact that the squares were created on the site of existing plantations with maximum conservation of plants, they formed a semi-open type of spatial structure.

Altogether 19 species of trees and shrubs grow in Bucha memorial buildings. The largest number of individuals in the squares named L. Revutsky, "Glory" and "Peaceful atom". Most species diversity in the squares named T. G. Shevchenko, "Glory" and "Peaceful atom". The most common deciduous trees and shrubs, the proportion of conifers is negligible. Pine, common oak and smallwood linden, which are the oldest representatives, are dominant.

Arrays and solitaire landings are more prevalent, and ordinary trees are encountered. Among the types of planting shrubs are curbs of evergreen boxwood, bearded beaks of ordinary birch, Tunberg barberry and elderberry black and green wall of ordinary hornbeam.

Most of the plants in the squares are in satisfactory condition. However, there are trees that need to be removed because they are in an emergency. The green wall and hedges need to be reconstructed.

Roads and paths in squares are made mainly of asphalt and concrete slabs. Despite the satisfactory condition, most of the buildings require maintenance and repair.

On the territory of all squares the lawn covering on most territories is in satisfactory condition.

Based on the analysis of Bucha town squares, measures aimed at their optimization are proposed: removal of emergency trees, sanitary and rejuvenating trimming of trees and shrubs; clearing of the territory from the birch, self-seeding of uncultivated trees and high grass vegetation, which will allow to open the places for inspection and increase the aesthetic value of the separate plots of the square; carrying out preventive measures for the protection of trees from pests and diseases; restoration of architectural elements (buildings, monuments, small architectural forms, etc.); planting plants in the place of those killed in the alley plantations and hedges in order to preserve the integrity of the element; the diversification of the species structure by planting new specimens in the field of remote plants; the complication of the vertical structure by supplementing the missing second tree and first and second shrub tiers with the use of shrubbery trees and shrubs; creating high-quality lawns and flower beds to create color contrast during the growing season.

The listed measures will increase the aesthetic value of the public gardens and optimize their recreational potential.