Identification of the square “Gunski Krynytsi” in Kamyanets-Podilsky, Khmelnitsky region

Abstract

The «Gunski krynytsi» square in Kamyanets-Podilsky is located in the city center and occupies more than2 hectares, which is the object of general use. The construction of a prototype of a modern square-water body by the method of folk construction began in September 1949. Today, the square is arranged in a territory with a height difference of up to3.5 m. Therefore, on its site it is possible to define a number of spectacular and panoramic points of inspection, which are located in the area of observation grounds.

Since there are no buildings on the territory of the square, the dominant element of this landscape composition can be defined a reservoir with a fountain in the center. Second-order dominant are water reservoirs and water cascade south of the reservoir. The accentuating elements are the «Kamin kohanya» sculpture west of the reservoir, as well as the regular plantings of young plants Prunus cerasifera 'Pissardii' – «Aleya sacur», planted on slopes in the direction of the path around the pit. The road network of the square has a radial-ring structure, the center of which serves as a reservoir. The main compositional axis of the planning structure is the main path that runs from east to west, to the open area, and passes in the light of the changes in the relief, in fact to the reservoir. In addition, from all corners of the square there pass the tracks that carry out the transit function. The width of main roads intended for mass movement of pedestrians is3 meters. Secondary roads that serve to distinguish zones, distribute visitors, long walks -2 m. Regular planning techniques are subject to the main paths leading to the entrance and exit from the square. With the use of landscape planning techniques, the performance of a trail that extends deep into the center of the square. There are no protracted paths, which is a sign of the compliance of the road network with the recreational load. The nodal points of composite rugs should be noted at the central entrance from the northeastern side, which opens up options for the development of promising rugs in the middle of the square or bypassing the central part of the remote walking path. One more nodal point is the crossroads of tracks in the western part of the square, where there are two tracks of regular reception of the territory planning and two tracks of the landscape reception. The spatial organization of the territory of the square is represented by semi-open and open spaces. The percentage of open spaces is 35% and they are concentrated in the central part of the square, half open 65% and are located in the western and eastern parts.

In general, the area of the square is easily visible from any point, but not too open, which creates an atmosphere of comfort and security while staying in its territory. It should be noted that semi-open spaces are located practically around the perimeter of the square, protecting the rest from the excessive noise of the central streets of the city and delaying harmful emissions and dust coming from the road, creating favorable conditions for recreation of the population. Estimation of the planning structure of the «Gunski krynytsi» square in Kamyanets-Podilsky city indicates that, due to the landscape-compositional features, the square belongs to the mixed type of planning of the territory. The proximity of the main roads of the city and the convenient location of main and secondary entrances determines the transit traffic of visitors through the territory of the square. Among the main elements of the landscape composition during the inventory of plantings, the following plant groups were identified: solitters; simple and complex groups; ordinary landings, arrays.

The list of elements for the improvement of public gardens includes: solid types of covering of tracks and platforms, elements of combination of surfaces, planting of greenery, lava, urns, lighting equipment.

The width of the main roads of the square, intended for mass movement of pedestrians is 3, secondary tracks, designed for individual walks, have a width of2 m.

The balance of the territory of the park in accordance with the SBC corresponds to the norms, namely: green plantations occupy 67.7% (at a norm of 60-75%), trail ranges and small architectural forms - 32.3% (norm - 25-40%).

There are more than 40 benches in the square, which meets the requirements of the SBC on the recreational load of the park, there are stairs that are not duplicated with ramps that do not meet the requirements of the SBC.

As the square covers more than2.3 hectaresand is on the border between the norms of the square and the park, and the functionality of the territory itself has a wide range, its assessment is only required by the requirements of SBC B.2.2-5: 2011 squares are incomplete. There is a need for an assessment with the standards of SBC of parks and gardens.

According to park regulations, on the territory of the object of improvement, the percentage of tracks and sites (in the norm 17 - occupy 25%) and a lower percentage of buildings (at the rate of 3-18 - 2%) is rather high.

The «Gunski krynytsi» square is multifunctional. On its territory, it is possible to identify the following functional areas: cultural events in the central pit section, quiet rest and walks around the central central part of the pit, cultural and educational institutions, taking into account the presence of a number of secondary schools "Antei", the city children's art school and the city children's music school in the southwestern part of the square, children's recreation in the south-eastern part of the square.

Consequently, the «Gunski krynytsi» square is a vivid example of an assimilated garden park object, which can not be subordinated to a specific assessment criterion in its structure, the richness of the elements of landscaping and green plantations. This square combines the characteristics of both the square and the park structure. By the size of the territory, according to the order, it is on the border between the square and the park. In the future, you can propose to explore this area according to the set criterion, referring to the squares and parks.