Influence of LED lasers on growth processes of the macromicetе Flammulina velutipes (Curt.:fr.) sing.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2019.05.001Keywords:
basidicum mushrooms, laser irradiation, photoactivationAbstract
As of today, there is an increased interest in the study of basidium fungi in the world. This is due to the unique resource potential of these mushrooms and their ability to be used in the medical, food, pharmaceutical and other industries. One of these macromycetes is Flammulina velutipes [1]. It is established that the chemical composition of Flammulina velutipes is optimal for providing physiological functions of the body with substances and energy [3]. Therefore, one of the promising areas of biotechnology is the artificial cultivation of F. velutipes as a source of biologically active substances for the creation of medicines, therapeutic and prophylactic agents, food and dietary supplements [2]. It is known that light is one of the factors that regulate the morphogenetic processes in many species of fungi. Accordingly, the purpose of our work was to investigate the effect of laser irradiation on the development of vegetative mycelium and the appearance of the rudiments of the fruiting bodies of the macromycete F. velutipes.
The F–03 strain of F. velutipes mushroom from the collection of cabbage mushrooms of the Department of Botany and Ecology of Vasyl'Stus Donetsk National University was studied. In order to study the effect of laser irradiation on the development of the vegetative mycelium of the F. velutipes fungus, the strain F–03 was cultivated for 7 days in standard wort–agar environment (4 ° by Baling) in standard Petri dishes (9 cm in diameter), prior to the inoculation of mycelia in Petri dishes separated by a sterile steel tube into pieces 5 × 5 mm in size, then each inoculum was irradiated with LED lasers: BRP–3010–5 with a 635 nm red wavelength radiation, BBP–3010– 5 with the radiation of the blue spectrum at a wavelength of 405 nm and BGP–3010–5 Green spectrum of radiation with a wavelength of 532 nm (manufacturer BOB LASER Co., China). The power of each laser was 100 mW. The irradiation energy in all variants of the experiment was within the range of 25 – 102.5 mJ/cm2.
It was established that laser irradiation affects the growth processes of F. velutipes. So, the strongest light reaction in response was observed on the action of the blue light spectrum for 5 seconds. Under this irradiation regime, the radial growth rate of mycelium increased by 55,5%. During the action of laser irradiation of the mycelium with green light for 10 sec, the growth rate of the mycelium increased by 53,7%. The formation of the embryos of fruiting bodies began 4-5 days earlier when blue light was used to stimulate growth processes, 3 days red and 2 days green. The largest number of primordia of fruiting bodies was formed due to the action of laser irradiation of the mycelium with blue light for 5 seconds, this figure was 93,4% higher than the control.
As a result of the studies, it was found that laser irradiation affects the growth processes of F. velutipes. Stimulating the growth processes of basidiomycetes is important during cultivation, since a significant increase in the growth rate of vegetative mycelium can reduce the time of substrate fouling with mycelium, accelerate the formation of primordia of fruiting bodies and fruiting. In addition, the best growth of mycelium reduces the likelihood of infection with its pathogenic microflora and improves adaptive properties, which makes the use of LED lasers promising for the cultivation of basidium fungi.
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