Ecological assessment of agrochemical parameters and soil fertility of territory r. Ikva

Abstract

Development of agriculture is related to the use of mineral fertilizers which improve material well-being of agricultural cultures macro- and by microelements and gross collections of products of plant-grower all time. After bringing of mineral fertilizers the harvest of agricultural cultures is increased more than on 30%. Therefore for description of fertility of soils research workers recommend to use agricultural chemistry indexes, which are the result of compatible action of both natural factors and production activity of man. At the same time specified on possibility of the use of agricultural chemistry indexes for the estimation of level of fertility of the ground cover and estimation of fitness them for creation of the special raw material areas.

For territory of river Ikva agriculture remains major industry of national economy. However chaotic, hasty, unsystematic reformation of this industry, extensive development of agriculture, in the last few years, the leadthroughs of drainage resulted in growth of process of degradation of soils. Therefore objective ecological estimation of agricultural chemistry indexes of soils, development of measures on the increase of fertility of soils is the mortgage of stable development of river Ikva.

Possibility to conduct the estimation of not only level of fertility of the ground cover but also his fitness the requirements of the special raw material areas appears in this connection. Such estimation is conducted in obedience to the method of O. G. Tarariko «Estimation of fitness of agricultural earths of Ukraine for creation ecologically of clean raw material areas and economies on the production of child's and dietary food» (1998) and O. I. Furdichko stuffs «Estimation of fitness of agricultural lands the requirements of the special raw material areas»

During a leadthrough researches were used the field, production, laboratory analytical, comparatively calculation and statistical methods and analysis of the systems.

Territory of river Ikva is within the limits of Brodu district of the Lviv area, Kremenecf district of the Ternopil area and Dubno and Mliniv districts of the Rivne area. Ground cover of territory river Ikva, which is within the limits of Small Polissya differs a variety and piedness, and also by a germination, with the ground cover of Volhyn Polissya. Most areas occupy sod-podsol, meadow and marsh soils here.

Becomes obvious circumstance that at the terms of reformation of the landed relations during 1990 – 2010 takes place sharpening of problems of land-tenure which is accompanied worsening of balance of macronutrients. Analyzing bringing  of mineral fertilizers  from data of the Rivne, Lviv and Ternopil branches of Institute of guard of soils of Ukraine, most use nitrogen-phosphoric fertilizers. The decline of content of macronutrients results in the decline of level of fertility in a territory river Ikva and degradations of soils.

For the estimation of index of fertility content of nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, and exchange potassium is an analysis. The spatial analysis of fitness of soils is carried out for creation of the special raw material areas and territories which are of the little use for growing of agricultural cultures are certain.

Consequently, after the conducted calculations in a territory river Ikva all village soviets are limited suitable for creation of special raw material areas after the agregovaniy index of level of fertility. The best are indexes of content of mobile phosphorus, which hesitate in a range from 45 to 206 mg/kg, and nitrogen content of which hesitates in a range 80 – 366 mg/kg, and most bed are indexes of content an exchange potassium 37 – 146 mg/kg.  In our view it is caused the change of structure of sowing areas, diminishing of bringing of mineral and organic fertilizers, increased pressure of urbosystem. The state of soils of territory river Ikva requires to develop the row of measures, directed on the improvement of the ecological state of the ground cover.