Mineral homeostasis of animals receiving feed additive considering typological peculiarities of the nervous system
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2020.01.011Keywords:
types of higher nervous activity, feed additive, Germatsink, zinc, copper, micronutrients.Abstract
The study of the formation of higher nervous activity in the process of individual development allows to understand the adaptation mechanisms of the animal’s organism to environmental conditions and the possibility of influencing them. Knowledge of cortical mechanisms of regulation of physiological functions creates prerequisites for their targeted correction.
The goal of the study was to determine the effect of feed additive “Germatsink” on the content of zinc and copper in animals’ different blood fractions and types of higher nervous activity.
The study was performed on cows of Ukrainian black-and-white breed cows of the 2-3 lactation. Types of the higher nervous activity (HNA) were determined by G.V. Parshutina and T.V. Ipolitova food conditional reflexes. The first group included animals of strong, balanced, mobile (SBM), the second – strong balanced inert one (SBI), the third – strong unbalanced one (SU), the fourth – weak type (W) of HNA. During the study we determined the effectiveness of feed additive “Germatsink” used for the correction of mineral metabolism in cows with different types of HNA. The cows of the experimental group received the feed additive “Germatsink” at a dose of 10 ml/day for ten days. Materials for research were animals’ blood samples collected from jugular vein before feed additive application and in 10, 30 and 45 days after the beginning of the study. The content of zinc and copper were determined in whole blood, blood cells and serum.
Study has shown that zinc content in serum differed significantly in animals with different types of HNA before feed additive “Germatsink” application. Thus, in the serum of cows with SBI, SU and weak type of HNA the content of this metal was lower by 13.1% (p <0.001), 16.0% (p <0.001) and 20.0% (p <0.001), respectively against indices of cows with SBM type of HNA. After the feed additive “Germatsink” application in cows with different types of HNA zinc content in the serum throughout the study period did not change significantly.
Within 45 days after the beginning of the study only in animals with SBI and weak type of HNA the content of this metal in the serum increased significantly by 8.9–14.1% (p <0.001) against indices of these animals before the preparation application. In SBM type of HNA cows, the content of zinc in serum in 10 and 30 days after the beginning of the study was lower by 7.2% (p <0.001) and 6.4% (p <0.001), respectively, than these index of cows with SBM type of HNA, however, in 45 days after the beginning of the study it did not differ significantly from that in cows of strong types of HNA. In contrast, in cows with SU and weak type of HNA, zinc content in the serum in 10 and 30 days and 45 days after the beginning of the study was lower respectively by 16.0–20.0%, (p <0.001), 14.9–18.7% (p <0.001) and 13.3–13.7% (p <0.001) from index of cows with SBM type of HNA. Before the application of the feed additive “Germatsink” in animals with SBI, SU and weak type of HNA zinc content in blood cells was lower respectively by 13.4% (p <0.001) and 17.4% (p <0.001) and 24.1% (p <0.001) from that in cows with SBM type of HNA. After feed additive application in cows with different types of HNA, the content of zinc in the serum throughout the study period changed slightly, in particular, from the 10th to the 30th day of the study the content of this metal in the blood cells of cows with SBM, SBI, SUN and weak type of HNA increased respectively by 8.3% (p <0.05), 11.6% (p <0.05), and 16.1% (p <0.001). Despite zinc content decreasing up to the 45th day after the beginning of the study, at the end of the study its content in the blood cells of cows with SBM, SBI, SU and weak type of HNA was higher respectively by 11.9%, (p <0.05), 16.1% (p <0.01), 18.3% (p <0.001), and 22.3% (p <0.001) compared with the index of these animals before the study. Despite these changes, the content of this metal in the serum of the animals with SBI, SU and weak type of HNA was significantly lower throughout the study respectively by 9.6–12.3%, (p <0.05–0.01), by 9.6–15.7% (p <0.05–0.01) and 15.3–21.0% (p <0.001) compared to the index of SBM type of HNA.
Thus, in serum of cows with SU and weak type of HNA copper content was lower by 7.3% (p <0.001) and 8.9% (p <0.001), respectively, against this index of cows with SBM type of HNA. After application of the feed additive “Germatsink”, the copper content in the serum of cows with different types of HNA did not change significantly throughout the study period.
In SU of HNA cows, copper content in serum already in 10 days after the beginning of the study did not differ significantly from that in SBM type cows, however, in 30 days after the beginning of the study it was lower by 6.8% (p <0.01) against index of cows with SBM type of HNA. Later, in 45 days after the beginning of the study, there were no significant differences in the content of copper indices in serum of SBM and SU type cows. In contrast, in cows of weak type of HNA, the copper content in serum in 10 and 30 days and 45 days after the beginning of the study was lower respectively by 7.9% (p <0.001), 6.8% (p <0.001) and 6.7% (p <0.001) against of cows with SBM type.
Before the application of the feed additive “Germatsink” in animals with SU and weak type of HNA, the copper content in blood cells was 10.2% (p <0.001) and 11.0% (p <0.001) respectively against of cows with SBM type of HNA. After feed additive application in cows with different types of HNA the content of copper in the serum throughout the study period changed slightly, in particular, from the 10th to the 30th day of the study, the content of this metal in the blood cells of cows with SBM, SBI, SU, and weak type of HNA increased by 3.2%, 3.8%, 10.0% (p <0.01) and 9.0% (p <0.001), respectively. Due to this, in animals of SU type of HNA, the content of this metal in blood cells from the 30th day of the study ceased to be significantly different from that of animals with SBM type of HNA. In contrast, in cows with a weak type of HNA, the copper content in serum in 10 and 30 days and 45 days after the beginning of the study was significantly lower by 10.7% (p <0.001), 5.6% (р < 0,05), and 6.3% (p <0.05) respectively compared to cows with SBM type of HNA at the relevant stages of research.
Therefore, study showed that application of feed additive “Germatsink” has a correcting effect on the content of some micronutrients in the blood of animals with different types of higher nervous activity.
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