Features of microclonal propagation of plants of the genus Prunus Serrulata L. for further use in monosaches

Abstract

The article analyses the results of the research and reveals that representatives of the genus Prunus L. should be propagatedvegetatively to preserve their desirable characteristics.It has been found that microclonalpropagation is used for acceleratedreproduction of valuable breeding forms, but this method has not been sufficiently studied for representatives of the genus Prunus L.

It was found that the most effective substance for sterilization when introducing micropropagules with apical meristem into an isolated culture was a 0.1% aqueous solution of mercuric dichloride at an exposure of 1.5-2.0 minutes - 83.7% of sterile and 72.5% of viable explants.The research revealed that the highest yield of viable sterile explants was obtained when they were introduced into in vitro culture in the second and third decades of May and the first decade of June, capable of direct organogenesis, which was, respectively, 69,4%, 76,3% and 58,7%. Therefore, this time of introduction of explants for the genus PrunusL. is the best.When explants were selected and introduced into in vitro culture in the first decade of April, the yield of viable sterile explants was the lowest and amounted to 4.7%, in the second decade of April the yield was higher by 8.6% and amounted to 13.3%. During the introduction of plant material into the culture in the second and third decades of June, the number of viable sterile explants decreased by 21.6-41.9% compared to the introduction in the first decade of June.

The study of the influence of concentrations and combinations of growth regulators on the reproduction ratio of individual members of the genus PrunusL. established that each individual species requires an individual selection of nutrient media. The highest multiplication factor was obtained on the MC-55 medium, which was 6,82 and 6,10 in R. serrulata Royal Burgundy and R. serrulataAmanogawa, respectively.A high multiplication factor of 5,75 and 5,57 was provided by MC-27 and MC-50 media for the cultivation of explants of P. serrulataKanzan and P. serrulataKikuShidare species.