FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF BLOOD SERUM OF PIGS WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF HIGHER NERVOUS ACTIVITY

Authors

  • V. V. Karpovskiy National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine image/svg+xml
  • V. I. Karpovskiy National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine image/svg+xml
  • O. V. Danchuk National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine image/svg+xml
  • R. V. Postoy National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine image/svg+xml

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2016.03.021

Keywords:

higher nervous activity, fatty acid composition, blood serum, pigs

Abstract

The results of studies of fatty acid lipid spectrum of blood serum in pigs depending on the characteristics of conditioned reflex activity are shown in the article. It is well known that features of cortical processes have a great influence on performance and resistance of animals of different species. In particular, found the different levels of metabolism and features of nonspecific immunity in pigs of different types of higher nervous activity. There is more data on the impact of lipids on functional and biochemical characteristics of cells and tissues. The features of lipid peroxidation in the body of pigs of different types of higher nervous activity was studied. In particular, it was found significantly higher levels of lipid peroxidation products in animals of the weak type higher nervous activity at rest and in animals of strong unbalanced and weak types – under the impact of stress compared with animals of strong balanced types, which obviously influences the ratio of fatty acids in their blood.

The purpose of the study was to examine the content of fatty acids in blood serum lipids of pigs with different types of higher nervous activity.

Experiments were carried out on clinically healthy pigs of large white breed 5–6 months of age in 2014 year at pig farm "Nibulon" in Kamenetz-Podolsk district of Khmelnitsky region. Animals were kept on dry concentrated feed type, access to water was free.Type of higher nervous activity in pigs was determined using rapid method developed by the Department of Animal Physiology, Pathophysiology and Immunology of NULES of Ukraine. According to the studying of conditioned reflex activity it was formed 4 experimental groups, 5 animals in each. The first group consisted of animals of strong, balanced and mobile, the second – a strong balanced inert, the third – a strong unbalanced, the fourth – the weak types of higher nervous activity. For biochemical studies the blood samples were taken from the cranial vena cava in compliance with the rules of aseptic and antiseptic. Fatty acids lipid spectrum of blood serum was determined by gas chromatography. The results were treated in accordance with generally accepted statistical methods using Student's t-test.

The main properties of cortical processes are its strength, balance of excitation and inhibition and mobility. Established significantly higher rate of strength, balance and mobility of nervous processes in animals of strong, balanced and mobile type of nervous system – 11.40±0.87 s. u., that in 1.3 (p <0.05), 1.4 (p <0.01) and 1.7 times higher than the indexes of animals of strong balanced inert, strong unbalanced and weak types of higher nervous activity respectively. Moreover, the lowest indexes of cortical processes obtained from pigs of weak type of higher nervous activity – 3.00±0.00 s. u. (p<0.001). Indicators of cortical processes in animals of strong balanced inert and strong unbalanced types of higher nervous activity were intermediate. The obtained results of animals division by type of higher nervous activity coincided with classical Pavlov’s classification.

It was found that the content of oleic acid (C18:1n9s) is the highest among all fatty acids present in serum irrespective of typological features of higher nervous activity (37.6–38.4 %). On second place is nonetherified palmitic acid (C16:0), the concentration of which ranged 12.3–12.8 % and on third place – stearic acid (C18:0) – up to 8 %. The concentration of other fatty acids in the serum is very low. Fatty acid composition of serum is determined mainly by animal diet, which in pigs was identical, so significant difference in the ratio of fatty acids in the serum of pigs of strong balanced types of higher nervous activity was not found. However, the animals of strong unbalanced type of higher nervous activity had lower concentration of linolelaidic acid (C18:2n6t) by 32 % arachic acid (C20:0) – by 20 % and docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5n3) – by 21% compared to the indexes of animals of strong, balanced and mobile type. Reducing the concentration of these fatty acids held by the growth of stearic acid (C18:0) by 10 % and cis-11,14- eicosadienoic acid (C20:2n6) – by 13 %. Animals of weak type of higher nervous activity had reduce content of cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid by 26 % while increasing the level of cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid by 22 %.

Thus, the results of research data have shown, that the ratio of fatty acids in blood serum of pigs of balanced types of higher nervous activity did not significantly differ. However, in animals of strong unbalanced and weak types of higher nervous activity established differences in the ratio of separate serum fatty acids. Particularly in animals of strong unbalanced type of higher nervous activity found the decrease concentrations of C18:2n6t, C20:0 and C22:5n3 acids due to the increase concentrations of C18:0 and C20:2n6 acids. In animals of weak type of higher nervous activity found the decrease of level C20:5n3 acid due to the increase of level C20:3n3 acid. Intensity of change in the composition of fatty acids is associated with the degree of balance and strength of the nervous processes.

 

Author Biographies

  • V. V. Karpovskiy, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine

    аспірант[1]


    [1] Науковий керівник – доктор сільськогосподарських наук, професор В. О. Трокоз 

  • V. I. Karpovskiy, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
    доктор ветеринарних наук, професор
  • O. V. Danchuk, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
    кандидат ветеринарних наук
  • R. V. Postoy, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
    кандидат ветеринарних наук

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Issue

No. 3 (60) (2016)

Section

Veterinary medicine, quality and safety of livestock products

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