Energy potential and economic efficiency of switchgrass phytomass production for biofuel
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2016.04.010Keywords:
switchgrass, yield, phytomass, biofuel, energy intensity, economic efficiencyAbstract
The necessity of thorough researches on bioenergy problems and also creation of energy plantations of different types with the purpose of effective using phytomass for energy generation and reducing dependence of our country upon imported energy recourses has been substantiated in the article. Today these problems are very burning both forUkraine and for other countries.
Many years’ experiments has been conducted in order to determine dynamic of yield of switchgrass phytomass and define energy intensity of plant raw material and economic efficiency of its production.
The research has been conducted according to international scientific project of the government of theNetherlands“P4P” (2011-2013) and state scientific themes “Agroecological fundamentals of growing energy crops inUkraine” (2014-2016). General accepted methods of field experiment, special methods and scientific recommendations were used in the research.
The material of the experiment was switchgrass variety Cave-in-rock cultivated on low-yield (LYS) and high-yield fertile soils (HYS).
The experimental part of the work demonstrates yield and energy potential of phytomass of the third-the fifth vegetation years (the period of maximal productivity). Economic efficiency of phytomass production and using it as a raw material for biofuel has been calculated. The research results show that switchgrass with third year grown on low-yield soils produce yield of vegetative above-ground mass equal or more than 11.6 t/ha with energy intensity of 17.5 Mjoule/ha. Phytomass of switchgrass grown on fertile soils has potential more than 13.0 t/ha with energy intensity of 18.0 Mjoule/ha.
Energy available potential of dry switchgrass phytomass is from 25.5 to 33.4 t/ha and economic efficiency of crops with third year is from 163.6% to 189.6%.
Total energy potential of switchgrass phytomass per 1ha for 2014 year and 2015 year was 53.5 і 55.9 Gjoules at cultivated crop on low-yield soils and 69.5 і 70.9 Gjoules cultivated crop on high-yield soils.
Obtained results correspond with conclusions of other domestic and foreign scientists. Scientists says that switchgrass is a crop capable to form strong stems as raw material for biofuel with energy intensity of 17.0-18.0 Mjoule/ha.
Thus, taking into consideration that switchgrass is a new, perspective phytoenergy crop for biofuel production, researches on impact of growing conditions on formation of crop yield are necessary to deepen.
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