LODGING RESISTANCE OF DURUM SPRING WHEAT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO PLANT PRODUCTIVITY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2016.05.020Keywords:
durum spring wheat, lodging resistance, productivity, sources, correlationAbstract
Spring wheat crop lodging causes great losses in grain growing, thus provision of breeders with source material of various ecological and-geographical origin combining short stem with other selection-valuable traits is an urgent problem in breeding of this culture. The purpose of the research was to identify durum spring wheat collection samples for lodging resistance and high productivity potential in order to involve breeding programs as a source material.
The researches were conducted during 2013-2015 at spring wheat breeding laboratory of the V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS of Ukraine. 110 collection samples of durum spring wheat domestic and foreign breeding served as material for the research.
The straw strength of the 2-nd upper internode is important in wheat lodging resistance and is economically valuable trait. The straw thickness of the 2-nd upper internode is essential in strength of culm to break under adverse environmental conditions. It is straw thickness of the 2-nd upper internode that determines the stem lodging. Research of variability of this important agronomic trait facilitates search and selection during early stages of breeding genotypes with strong, resistant to lodging stem. The obtained results of the research durum spring wheat samples for morphological indicators gives foundations to assert that the lodging resistance is higher in those cases if less length of the two upper internodes and less plant height in relation to the diameter of the 2-nd internode.
Various degrees of correlation between traits of lodging resistance has been established. Resistance to lodging of middle height samples the most correlates with the length of the 2-nd upper internode (r = 0.69 ± 0.08), undersized ones – with length of the 1st (r = 0.89 ± 0.04) and the 2-nd (r = 0.80 ± 0.04) upper internode ratio of height to diameter of the 2-nd internode, dwarfs – with length of the 1st upper internode (r = 0.63 ± 0.07), so the selection for these traits in order to increase resistance to lodging is effective.
There have been identified middle height, undersized, and dwarf sources among collection samples of durum spring wheat from Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Russia, France,Austria,Morocco, andMexico, which are recommended as source material in breeding for lodging resistance and productivity. The correlation between lodging resistance and the main economically valuable traits has been analyzed and both positive and negative correlations have been set, that indicates the possibility of obtaining highly productive forms being resistant to lodging.
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