AGRICULTURE AS A COMPLEX FACTOR OF EXTERNAL IMPACT ON A CONDITION OF POPULATIONS OF HUNTING TYPE ANIMALS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE CHERNIHIV REGION).

Abstract

The realization mechanism in Ukraine of the regulated Convention on biological diversity since 1992 of the requirement for preservation of in-situ of ecosystems and natural habitats of a biota is creation of territories and objects of natural and reserved fund and formation of national ecological network. Overcoming a tendency of degradation of a surrounding medium live component, restitution of a biodiversity to potentially possible natural level and further ensuring balance at its use has to become the expected result of nature protection actions. Today domestic ecologists state a steady trend of increase to an index of the reserved country. At the same time results of long-term researches of dynamics of the quantitative indices of populations of an elk (Alces alces Linnaeus, 1758), a red deer (Cervus laphus Linnaeus, 1758), European roes (Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758), a wild boar (Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758), a grey hare (Lepus europaeus Pallas, 1778), a wolf (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758), a raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides Gray 1834) and a fox (Vulpes vulpes Linnaeus, 1758) in the conditions of the Chernihiv region of Ukraine show particular imbalance of an ecological condition of natural complexes of the region in the context of the balanced use of resources of economically valuable species of wild animals and signal about "some inefficiencies" of nature protection actions. Determinants of such regularities it was defined not covered by researches external influences which it is directly or indirectly determined by region agriculture. On the solution of this perspective during 1992-2015 about 3 million hectares are investigated of various biotopes in administrative borders of the Chernihiv region which as hunting grounds are provided in use to the specialized enterprises for maintaining hunting economy. In the context of the offered experiment the major factors of complex impact of agriculture on a condition of populations of wild mammal main hunting types are characterized, the interrelation of factors is defined and mechanisms of their action are analysed, investigated long-term statistical interconditionality of the main indexes of agriculture and density of local populations of wild mammal economically valuable types and factors as conditionally harmful, the favourable and neutral are classified. It is offered to consider results of a research as primary materials for justification of structure of nature protection territories and processing of mechanisms of realization of the actions directed to preservation of the region biodiversity.