Features of the development of Ulomoides dermestoides (Chevrolat, 1878) (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) on mixed fodder used in broiler poultry and fast food cereals
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2018.01.007Abstract
Studies L. S. Cherney (2015), it is established that Ulomoides dermestoides Chevrolat, 1878 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) is a new species for the fauna of Ukraine. This is a panthropic pest of food stocks. Its range, shown in the Catalog of Palaearctic Coleoptera (2008), has significantly expanded in recent years. On a systematic position, he is close to the species of the genus Alphitobius Stephens, 1829. In the authors' experiments, U. dermestoides lived under the same conditions as the Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer, 1796). Has a biology similar to it. For A. diaperinus repeatedly registered mass breeding in the poultry farms ofCrimea. At night, the beetles massively attacked the chickens.
In our experiments, beetles and larvae of U. dermestoides actively fed on chicken meat. The consequences of the reproduction of U. dermestoides on poultry farms cause concern. The features of development of larvae and adults of this species on mixed fodders, developed for feeding poultry in broiler production, are studied. During the period of suitability for feeding poultry, they are toxic to adults of U. dermestoides. Beetles that feed on them, were dying, not laying eggs. Larvae of U. dermestoides completely passed the stage, on mixed fodders (after the period of their suitability). Born from them imago, lived no more than two months, had a suppressed reproductive function.
On the example of the development of adults and larvae of U. dermestoides on granulated mixed fodders, it is advisable to try to explain the downward trend in numbers at poultry farms in 2017 of the species Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer, 1796).
The use of fast food groats as a feed for the adult U. dermestoides, shows their negative impact on vital activity and its reproductive function. GrowinglarvaeU.dermestoides on fast food groats caused them significant mortality, increased cannibalism, the formation of defective pupae and beetles.
The increase of cannibalism in larvae of U. dermestoides occurs with the morbific effect of feed on their physiological state. This is one of the ways to survive the species under extreme conditions, developed in the process of evolution.
The results of the work are advantageous for the scientific basis for the mass reproduction of U. dermestoides in zoos, nature museums, laboratories of scientific institutions.
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