FUNCTIONAL DIAGNOSTICS OF ADAPTABILITY OF INTRODUCED SPECIES OF THE GENUS SNOWBERRY (SYMPHORICARPOS DUHAMEL) IN KYIV CITY CONDITIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2018.01.010Keywords:
інтродуковані сніжноягідники, Symphoricarpos, міське середовище, метали-забруднювачі, функціональна діагностика адаптивності, індукція флуоресценції хлорофілу, атомно-абсорбційна спектроскопія.Abstract
The important condition of the environmental improvement is mobilization and wide introduction of introduced trees and shrubs, which have already had successful preliminary investigation in the botanical gardens and dendrological parks and have shown characteristics of high ornamentality. The snowberries are such perspective but not so widespread plants now, which have very high decorativeness and attractiveness during almost the whole vegetative period, which is especially important when creating urban landscape compositions. Observations on the development of snowberries in the street landscapes ofKievhave shown quite high resistance of plants to the megapolis conditions, which made us to conduct the study of their functional state in the places with the most intensive traffic.
The purpose of the study was to determine the functional state and photosynthetic potential of plants of the genus snowberry (Symphoricarpos Duhamel) different species in the megapolis conditions. Seasonal inductive changes of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of leaves of 9 species of the genus snowberry (Symphoricarpos Duhamel): S. albus (L.) S.F.Blake, S. ×chenaultii Rehder, S. ×doorenbosii Krűssm., S. hesperius G.N.Jones, S. mollis Nutt., S. occidentalis Hook., S. orbiculatus Moench, S. oreophilus A.Gray, S. rivularis Suksd. are studied. For the assessment of the functional state of green plants a method based on the study of correlation of changes of intensity of chlorophyll fluorescence induction (CFI) with photosynthetic reactions in chloroplasts of leaves was used. To measure parameters of fluorescence and its inductive changes in the field conditions we used a portable device – a fluorometer "Floratest" (developed by the Engineering Center of V. M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of National Academy of Sciences ofUkraine).
The study of seasonal changes in the parameters of CFI of the leaves has revealed very small seasonal variability of the parameters of CFI in the leaves of snowberries: on average, the intensity of fluorescence at the maximum Fp1 and Fp2 decreased by 4,0 and 1,5 %, and the coefficient К1 by 3,4 %, indicating on the high stability of electron transport processes near the reaction centers of photosystem II (FSII).
The analysis of normalized inductive changes of fluorescence intensity in the time range of the slow decline of fluorescence showed slight decrease in the intensity of dark photochemical processes: К2 (Rfd) ratio decreased only by 6,0 %.
Thus, by means of the comprehensive analysis of functional indicators we found the high stability of photosynthetic processes in snowberry leaves, which allow the plants to maintain their ornamental features for the long periods of time.
The analysis of the content of metal pollutants in the different parts of common snowberry plants (S. albus) was carried out using an atomic absorption spectroscopy method. Preparation of the bioprobes was carried out by such method as ozonation in a muffle furnace, followed by extraction in nitric acid. Determination of the content of metals in the prepared filtrates was carried out with the use of flame atomization (in the case of determination of large quantities) on the «C115-M1» spectrophotometer and electrothermal atomization (in the case of determination of trace quantities) on the «Saturn-3» spectrophotometer with the complex «Graphite-2». The comparative analysis of the accumulation of metal pollutants and the parameters of CFI of S. albus leaves in the park zone and near the transport line at Sevastopolska square has established the negative influence of the complex of factors on the activity of reaction centers and the effectiveness of dark photochemical processes. So, according to the «coefficient of plateau» KpL, which controls the number of inactive reactive centers of FSII, their growth is determined by 50–60%. Also, within the limits of 30–50%, the reduction of the Rfd parameter is registered, indicating a decrease in the activity of dark photochemical processes, that is the Calvin cycle. At the same time, the effectiveness of the light phase of photosynthesis in the leaves of S. albus on the experimental plots of Sevastopolska square in relation to similar indices obtained for plants of the park zone of the Institute of Horticulture of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, does not change significantly, within 4,0–6,5%. The latest information obtained indicates that there is significant stability of the light phase of photosynthesis in the relation to the dark photochemical processes in snowberry plants and their high adaptive potential in the conditions of the urban environment. The results of the research allow us to recommend previously tested in Kyiv city conditions introduced snowberry species for the further usage in the plantations in the megacity conditions, and in particular in the places with the high level of contamination.
References
Kautsky, H., Hirsch, A. (1931), Neue Versuche zur Kohlensaure assimilation. Naturwissenschaften, 19 (48), 964.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01516164
Karapetyan, N. V., Buhov, N. G. (1986), Peremennaya fluorestsentsiya hlorofilla kak pokazatel fiziologicheskogo sostoyaniya rasteniy [Variable chlorophyll fluorescence as an indicator of physiological state of plants]. Fiziologiya rasteniy [Plant Physiology]. 33 (5), 1013-1026.
Schreiber, U., Bilger, W., Hormann, H., Neubauer C. (1998), Chlorophyll fluorescence as a diagnostic tool: Basics and some aspects of practical relevance. Photosynthesis : a comprehensive treatise. A.S. Raghavendra ed., Cambrige University Press, 320-336.
Braion, O. V., Korneev, D. Yu, Snegur, O. O., Kitaev, O. I. (2000). Instrumentalne vyvchennia fotosyntetychnogo aparatu za dopomogoiu induktsii fluorestsentsii khlorofilu. Metodychni vkazivky dlia studentiv biologichnogo fakultetu [Instrumental study of the photosynthetic apparatus using chlorophyll fluorescence induction. Methodical instructions for students of biological faculty]. Кiev : Vydavnycho-poligrafichnyi tsentr Kyivskyi universytet, 15.
Korneev, D. Yu. (2002), Informatsionnye vozmozhnosti metoda induktsii fluorestsentsii hlorofilla [Information possibilities of the method of chlorophyll fluorescence induction]. Kyiv : Alterpres, 188.
Kytaiev, O., Klochan, P., Romanov, V. (2005), Portatyvnyi hronofluorometr dlia ekspres-diagnostyky fotosyntezu «Floratest» [A portable device for the express diagnostics of photosynthesis - fluorometer "Floratest"]. Zb. dop. konf. - zvitu z kompleksnoi programy fundamentalnykh doslidzhen NAN Ukrainy u galuzi sensornykh system ta tekhnologiy (2-3 liutogo 2005 r., Kyiv) [Proceedings of conference reports on the integrated program of fundamental researches of NAS of Ukraine in the field of sensor systems and technologies (2-3 February 2005, Kyiv)], Kyiv, 59.
Obuhov, A. I., Plehanova, O. I. (1991), Atomno-absorbtsionnyy analiz v pochvenno-biologicheskikh issledovaniyakh [Atomic-absorption analysis in soil biology research]. Moscow : Izd-vo MGU, 184 p.
Mamonova, R. Yu., Kitaiev, O. I. Sliusar, S. I. (2013), Zymostiikist introdukovanykh snizhnoiagidnykiv (Symphoricarpos Duhamel) v umovakh Kyieva [Winter-resistance of introduced snowberries (Symphoricarpos Duhamel) in Kyiv city conditions]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnogo universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy [Scientific Bulletin of National University of Life and environmental Sciences of Ukraine], 193, 16-25.
Mamonova, R. Yu., OleksIychenko, N. O., Parkhomenko, L. I., Sliusar, S. I. Kolesnichenko, O. V. (2012), Adaptatsiia ta perspektyvy podalshoi introduktsii predstavnykiv rodynu Snizhnoiagidnyk (Symphoricarpos Duhamel) v Lisostepu Ukrainy [Adaptation and perspective further introduction of the representative of snowberry (Symphoricarpos Duhamel) genus in the Ukrainian Forest-steppe]. Visti Biosfernogo zapovidnyka "Askaniia-Nova" [News Biosphere reserve "Askania Nova"], 14, 165-169.
Buhov, N. G. (1997), Starenie lista. Vyyavlenie uchastkov, limitiruyushchikh fotosintez, s pomoshchyu koeffitsientov tusheniya fluorestsentsii hlorofilla i redoks-izmeneniy R-700 v listyah [Leaf senescence. Determination of areas limiting photosynthesis by means of chlorophyll fluorescence quenching coefficients and redox variations of P-700 in the leaves]. Fiziologiya rasteniy [Plant Physiology], 44, 352360.
Nesterenko, T. V., Tihomirov, A. A. (2005), Primenenie ontogeneticheskogo podhoda dlya fluorestsentnykh issledovaniy fotosinteticheskogo apparata rasteniy v stressovykh usloviyah [Ontogenetic approach in fluorescence studies of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants under stress]. Biofizika [Biophysics], 50 (2), 335340.
Kirik, M. M., Taranukho, Y. M., Taranukho, M. P., Kytaiev, O. I., Skriaga, V. A., Artemenko, D. M. (2011). Diagnostyka virusnoi infektsii smorodyny chornoi ta malyny metodom induktsii fluorestsentsii hlorofilu lystkiv [Diagnosis of black currant and raspberry viral infection by induction of chlorophyll fluorescence method]. Journal of Agricultural Science, 10, 26-28.
Kautsky, H., Hirsch, A. (1934), Das Fluoreszenzverhalten gruner Pflanzen. Biochem Z., 274, 422-434.
Walker, D. A. (1981), Secondary fluorescence kinetics of spinach leaves in relation to the onset of photosynthetic carbon assimilation. Planta, 153, 273-278.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00383899
Bukhov, N. G., Boucher, N., Carpentier, R. (1997), The correlation between the induction kinetics of the photoacoustic signal and chlorophyll fluorescence in barley leaves is governed by changes in the redox state of the photosystem II acceptor side. A study under atmospheric and high CO2 concentrations. Can. J. Bot., 75, 1399-1406.
https://doi.org/10.1139/b97-854
Lichtenthaler, H. K. (1992), The Kautsky effect 60 years of chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics. Photosynthetica, 27, (1-2), 45-55.
Lazár, D. (1999), Chlorophyll a fluorescence induction. Biochim. et Biophys. Acta, 1412 (1), 1-28.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-2728(99)00047-X
Lichtenthaler, H. K., Babani, F. (2004), Light adaptation and senescence of the photosynthetic apparatus. Changes in pigment composition, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic activity. Chlorophyll fluorescence : a signature of photosynthesis. Eds. Papageorgiou G. C., Govindjee. Dordrecht : Springer, 2004, 713-736.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3218-9_28
Lichtenthaler, H. K., Buschmann, C., Knapp, M. (2005), How to correctly determine the different chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and the chlorophyll fluorescence decrease ratio RFd of leaves with the PAM fluorometer. Photosynthetica, 43 (3), 379-393.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-005-0062-6
Nesterenko, T. V., Shihov, V. N., Tihomirov, A. A. (2014), Svetovaya zavisimost medlennoy induktsii fluorestsentsii hlorofilla v ontogeneze listyev rasteniy pshenitsy [Light dependence of slow chlorophyll fluorescence induction in the course of wheat leaf ontogeny]. Dokl. AN. [Reports of the Academy of Sciences], 454 (6), 729-732.
https://doi.org/10.1134/S1607672914010116
Nesterenko, T. V., Shihov, V. N., Tihomirov, A. A. (2015), Fluorestsentnyye pokazateli vozrastnykh izmeneniy fotosinteticheskogo apparata listyev pshenitsy [Fluorescent parameters of age-related changes in the photosynthetic apparatus of wheat leaves]. Fiziologiya rasteniy [Plant Physiology], 62 (3), 332-339.
https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443715020144
Lysenko, V. S., Varduni, T. V., Soyer, V. G., Krasnov, V. P. (2013), Fluorestsentsiya hlorofilla rasteniy kak pokazatel ekologicheskogo stressa: teoreticheskiye osnovy primeneniya metoda [The chlorophyll fluorescence of plants as indicators of environmental stress: the theoretical foundations of the method]. Fundamental research. Biological sciences, 4, 112-120.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Relationship between right holders and users shall be governed by the terms of the license Creative Commons Attribution – non-commercial – Distribution On Same Conditions 4.0 international (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0):https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.uk
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
