HERBICIDES INFLUENCE ON FORMATION OF VEGETATIVE MASS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF LUPINE SEEDS

Abstract

 The article presents the results of the herbicides impact on the seeds productivity formation, vegetative mass and yield of white lupine seeds for three years of researching. Too many weeds in the fields lead to a significant yield reduction of cultivated plants. The best results in the system of weeds control with sowing of different agricultural crops can be achieved with the optimal combination of agrotechnical and chemical measures for the detention of the development and destruction of weeds; moreover, the most effective and operational means of controlling weeds is the usage of herbicides. There was studied effectiveness of the action of following preparations: Treflan, Frontier Optima, Jupiter, Harnes, Prometrex, Stomp 330, and tank with mixtures of Treflan + Jupiter, Harnes + Jupiter, Prometrex + Jupiter in the white lupine sowing of Chabansky and Serpnevy grades. The best results for weeds destruction were obtained in variants with the following herbicides: Harnes, Harnes + Jupiter, Prometrex + Jupiter, Prometrex and Stomp. In accounting for the first and second terms the death of weeds was respectively an average of 79/76, 80/78, 77/75, 75/70 and 69/72% in the sowing of both grades. It is found that the use of herbicides affects not only the weeds but also the lupine plant, which is confirmed by the observations of some changes in the process of their growth and development. The degree of vegetative mass development  of lupine was estimated with the height and weight of plants in the phase of flowering and shiny beans. The highest height and weight of plants were observed in the control variant (with manual weeding). In variants with the use of herbicide (before sprouts) – Stomp, there was a significant data decrease in compared with the control variant. The most negative influence on growth processes was found when using Jupiter herbicides and the tank mixture of Treflan + Jupiter on the sprouts. The highest seeds yield was obtained in the control variant with manual weeding: the Serpnevy grade – 9,0 g, and the Chabansky grade – 9,9 g. Plants of lupine on plots with weeds (without weeding and without herbicides) were the least productive: 65.6% (Serpnevy grade) and 67.7% (Chabansky grade), from the control variant. The variants with the using of Harnes herbicides and the tank with the mixture of Prometrex + Jupiter (Serpnevy grade – 3,50 and 3,49  ton/ha, Chabansky grade – 3,83 and 3,87  ton/ha) are not inferior to the control variant.. Also, there was established that the use of herbicides, when the sprouts are visible, negatively affected to the yield formation: it was the lowest among from all variants with the using of herbicides, Serpnevy grade – 2,80 and 2,75 ton/ha, and  the Chabansky grade – 3,03 and 3,06 ton/ha.