Hygienic assessment of water quality in non-centralized potable water supply and improvement of legislative and regulatory framework in this field
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2018.02.003Abstract
It has been found that more frequent than in every forth and third sample of potable water (in particular regions these indicators are much higher) from the wells, captures of springs, and artesian wells do not meet the hygienic requirements for the bacteriological, sanitary, and chemical indicators respectively. Quality of mentioned potable water did not meet the hygienic requirements in more than 50% of samples in Kirovograd region, Lugans’k region, and Sevastopol (for bacteriological indicators). Anthropogenic pollution have been confirmed to have been present in non-centralized potable water supply by the content of chlororganic pesticides, oil products, nickel, phenols, formaldehyde, and also pollutions, that can be of natural or anthropogenic origin: nitrates, total iron, total hardness, selenium, silicon, etc. It was determined that depending on the frequency of detection problematic indicators of water quality from well-rooms in Kyiv can be arranged in the following row: total alkalinity > turbidity > other organoleptic characteristics > total hardness > total iron > chlorides > ammonium. Based on the analysis of construction and operational features of the usage of well-rooms in Kyiv, as well as the problematic indicators of water quality in these well-rooms, it was found that there is a potential risk of pollution of the water in well-rooms regarding the indicators of epidemic safety, what creates the base for recommendation to use water from the well-rooms after boiling. The results of conducted research and analysis of legal and regulatory support of the mentioned field in Ukraine and Europe showed the necessity of amendment and additions in valid DSanPiN 2.2.4-171-10 regarding the quantity and quality of indicators for these types of water, its monitoring procedure, and also quality and quantity of transported water in emergencies.
Key words: potable water, wells, captures of springs, groundwater pollution, transported water
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