THE BIOFUNGICIDES` AND BIOSTIMULATORS’ COMPLEX IMPACT ON THE GROWING AND DEVELOPING SOYBEAN PLANTS IN WESTERN FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE

Abstract

The maximum usage of crop protection chemicals takes the important part in modern plant protection system. The environment safe is the aim for the agriculture, so the soil’s rational management and restore of natural resources belong to them.

The ecologization is a peculiarity for plant protection system of agricultural cultivars, so it is necessary to manage the pest population quantity on the economic threshold hazard with the usage of their natural antagonists and biological means. It allows to stabilize the ecological balance in agrocenosis and to optimize the volume of chemical means usage for the safe of  beneficial species and to minimize the negative impact  on external environment.

The usage of biological preparations is the most necessary way in protection systems. It allows to optimize the volume of chemical mean usage, which helps to safe beneficial species and to minimize their impact on external environment. The biological preparations have the lowest efficiency in comparison with chemical preparations, but they are ecologically safe.  That is why the biological preparations need much attention.

The purpose of research was to study the different biological preparations’ complex impact on the soybean growth and development and their impact on the fungi diseases defeat in Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.

Results and Discussions

The seed treating was positively impact on morphometric and physiological indicators of plant, as it was detected during the study of biological complexes efficiency and their impact. This regularity was observed for the varieties Chernivetska 9 and Georgina.  

The soybean biological peculiarity, as a legume cultivar, is  efficiency nitrogen- fixing symbiosis with rhizobia bacteria. This process enriches the soil by available forms of nitrogen for the plants.  The best indicators were detected by the following preparations complex usage: BioMagSoya(4l/t) +PhytoDoctor (1l/t)+Biophosphoryn (1l/t) +Urozhay Start (1l/t) by the results of impacts investigation. The root-dwelling bacteria complex increased on 32.3 % after the biological  preparation usage.

The defeating of soybean plants by fungal pathogens was decreased during the treating by soybean complexes. So the preparation’s  complex usage BioMagSoya 4,0 l/t +Biophosphoryn 1,0 l/t+ PhytoDoctor 1,0 l/t+Urozhay Start 0,1l/t was not pointed only on the vegetative indexes and yield, but it has some fungicide and immune stabilize action. This complex’ technical efficiency on the variety Georgina consisted on 57.9% and on the  variety Chernivetska 9 consisted  59,1 %.

The efficiency research for different biological fungicides and their combination in complexes for soybean treating showed the increase of morphometric and physiological indicators line. So the biofungicide’s complex during the plant’s vegetative treating has shown the highest number of nodules on the root system . The usage of preparation mixes Trichodermyn BT (2l/ha)+Gaubsin (1,5l/ha) was detected and it was consisted 109,3 pcs/plant (Table 1). The highest number of nodules in Georgina variety was detected on the experiment’s variant  with the biological preparations  complex Trychodermyn (2l/ha)+Gaubsin (1,5 l/ha) and it was consisted 53,3 pcs/ plant. The lowest number of nodules (22,7 pcs/plant)  was detected in the variant of Polyoxyn  usage (1,5 l/ha).

The bean’s number on one plant was the highest on the variety  Chernivetska 9 (221 pcs/ plant) in the experiment’s variant  with the  preparations’ usage Planrise (5l/ha)+ KOEDF 0,004% (0,125 l/ha) to 178 pcs/plant  Trychodermyn  (2 l/ha)+Gaubsin (1,5 l/ha).

   The small mixes of preparations Trychodermyn (2l/t)+ Gaubsin (1,5 l/t) and Phytodoctor  (1,0 l/t)+ Trychodermin (2 l/t) showed the highest impact on fungi  infections during the preparations mixes research. Their technical efficiency  consisted 81,36%  and 83,87% respectively to the variety Chernivetska 9 and 77,68% and 79,31 % to the variety Georgina (Table 1,2). As for the other biological preparations and stimulators, they showed enough efficiency. The efficiency was in the scope from 66.12 % through 69,86 %  for the variety  Chernivetska 9  and from 68,51 % through  70,78% for the variety Georgina.

 Conclusions.

It is proved by the researchers results that the yield increase and decrease for the appearing  soybean  fungi disease.  Such results may be reached  by the correct choice of biofungicides and biostimulator complex without  chemical preparations.