Екологічні аспекти існування осередків токсокарозу на території міста Києва

Abstract

Toxocarotic invasion remains an urgent problem in modern ecology, since its spread is not only the cause of the toxocarosis development as a parasitic disease of animals and people, but also contamination of Toxocara canis with environmental objects, in particular, urbanized areas. The use of modern forecasting methods allows to simulate the situation by the number of toxocarcosis cases in the future, taking into account historical information and statistical processing of the results.

Toxocarosis is an anthropozoonosis with complex polymorphosis of clinical manifestations, which complicates its diagnosis and treatment procedure. The results of our studies indicate a real and predictable increase in the number of toxocariasis cases  in humans, the main cause of which is the low sanitary and hygienic culture of the population and its awareness of the issue biological pollution.

 Taking into account the growth of population in the conditions of cities, and, consequently, the number of domestic predators, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive environmental monitoring of the environment, since the objects of the natural environment are the determining environment in the development cycle of Toxocara canis. The environment is a second-order environment and, with favorable abiotic factors, the eggs reach the invasive stage, at the same time migrating to the human or animal organism.

The nematode Toxocara canis is a cosmopolitan organism, a specific host for which home carnivores serve. Particularly acute issue is in territories with favorable climatic conditions. A number of scientists around the world report cases of toxocarosis in both the population and domestic predators.

The epidemiological significance of the soil as a factor in the transmission of the pathogens toxocarosis is that in it, despite the antagonism of the soil saprophytic microflora, Toxocara canis can remain viable for a long time, virulence and pathogenicity. The high level of parasitic contamination of technogenically transformed territories contributes to the spread of toxocarosis invasion. Veterinarians are concerned about the health status of the urban population of dogs, physicians - the state of health of the population, in particular the child.

Our calculations show that the number of cases of toxocarosis will increase from 3 (2014) to 10 (2016). Next we have processed an additional request to the Ministry of Health of Ukraine regarding the number of cases of morbidity to verify the data received, as has already happened. The obtained results confirmed our hypothesis and the correctness of using such a method of forecasting in biological research on ecology, since the number of patients in 2016 in the city of Kyiv officially registered 11, and given the not high population reaction to this problem, the trend for the incidence of toxocarosis will only increase .