Field germination of sunflower seeds depending on the term of sowing and stand density of plants in the Right Bank Steppe of Ukraine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2019.01.018Keywords:
sunflower hybrids, sowing, plant stand density, productive moisture, field germination, survival, yieldAbstract
The article presents the results of scientific research on the influence of term of sowing and plant density on the field germination and survival of sunflower plants of medium-early hybrids in the Right Bank Steppe of Ukraine.
The influence of sowing terms and weather conditions on the field germination of sunflower seeds and the productivity of medium-early hybrids was established. All studied hybrids of sunflower have the highest field seed germination due to the content of productive moisture. In average years of research most productive moisture in 0-10 cm soil layer was in the first term sowing – when warming it at a depth of earnings seeds 5–6 ℃.
The highest indices of field germination of sunflower seeds were recorded for the first sowing period when the soil temperature at the depth of seed placement warm up to 5-6 ℃ in the hybrid LG 55.82 - 92.5%, in LG hybrids 54.85 - 91%, LG 56.32 - 87.1%, Forward - 86.2%.
According to three years of research, average hybrid survival was high and reached 96.3-92.0%.
The optimal density for the studied hybrids is 60 thousand plants per hectare.
The conducted research gave an opportunity to establish that seed germination depends on a complex of biotic and abiotic factors, which are formed in before sowing and interphase periods of sowing-germination of sunflower.
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