Features of the survival and development of the harmful bug (Eurygaster integriceps Put.) and Elia sharp-headed (Aelia acuminate L.) on winter wheat in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2019.02.004Keywords:
winter wheat, bugs, harmful turtle, eliya sharp-headed, monitoring, damage, protection measures, reproduction, control of the number of pestsAbstract
The article highlights the susceptibility of reproduction, development and survival of hemiptera pests on winter wheat crops using modern monitoring technologies for these pests in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Specific features of the biology and ecology of the bug (Eurygaster integriceps Put.) And Elius the sharp-headed (Aelia acuminate L.) on the crop rotation of winter wheat in the study regions are specified. It has been established that the populations of the main species of hemoptera pests that form in the fall and summer pass through cyclical fluctuations in numbers.
In 2000-2018 in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, insect species that damaged winter wheat from sowing to the maturation phase were found. Fluctuations of climatic factors influenced the formation of the winter wheat entocomplex, in particular, the survival of the main soil types of pests. As a result of monitoring of pests of grain crops in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, it was established that the species composition of insects in modern crop rotations is represented on 43 winter wheat on winter wheat.
Among the main and most dangerous pests that caused significant damage were the wireworm, winter caterpillar caterpillars, bread beetle larvae, meadow moth and other phytophages.
During the years of research in the Vinnitsa, Kiev, Cherkasy, Poltava and Kharkov regions, the harmful turtle did a relatively high annual harm, and its numbers fluctuated at the level of the economic threshold of harmfulness. Note that in the Kharkiv region this phytophage showed a relatively high environmental plasticity with adaptation to abiotic and other factors that occurred in the optimal environment.
In recent years, these pests for 3-5 days earlier colonize the generative organs of wheat compared to other periods of observation. Indicators of the total number of surveyed hectares and the number of bugs of the noxious turtle in new agrobiocenoses is an indicator of the development forecast, reproduction and survival, as well as population dynamics in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
Outbreaks of harmful turtles are cyclical, i.e. they are repeated at different time intervals, they are synchronized with the cycles of weather, climate, the yield of cereal crops and solar activity, exerts both direct and indirect effects on the dynamics of the biosphere, agroecosystems and populations, they are populated.References
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