Productivity of sunflower hybrids depending on cultivation density and interlines width
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2019.05.003Keywords:
hybrid, sunflower, sowing methods, sowing density, yield, weight of 1000 grains, huskAbstract
Plant-to-crop relationships are competitive reciprocal influences on the use of life factors, such as light, water, mineral compounds, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements.
Seed rate is a controlled factor that significantly affects the relationship of plants in sowing. In rarefied crops, more favorable conditions for plant growth and development are created, their potential productivity is more fully realized: more flowers are laid in the basket, less emptiness, larger achenes.
From an agronomic point of view, the optimal area of nutrition is considered to be one that ensures that the maximum yield of the main crop production is obtained from a hectare, with its high quality and lowest labor and material costs.
The aim of the study was to study the effect of sowing density and row spacing on growth, development, yield and yield quality of sunflower hybrids. Identification of dependencies of influence of sowing method and sowing density on the processes of growth, development, productivity and seed quality of sunflower hybrids of different maturity.
For the Zagrava and Ukrainian F1 hybrids, the sowing density of 70 thousand plants /ha was optimal, with seed yields of 3.76 and 3.79 t/ha. Increasing the sowing density to 90 thousand plants/ha caused the yield decrease in the Ukrainian F1 hybrid by 0.35, the Zagrava hybrid by 0.45 t/ha compared to the control variant (70 thousand plants /ha). The hybrids under study were quite plastic; seed yields varied between 3.18 and 3.79 t/ha by year.
It is promising to grow sunflower hybrids with a sowing density of 70 thousand plants per hectare with 70 cm rows, for which it is possible to provide quality care for the crops.
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