The impact of urbosystems on hydrological and hydrochemical conditions of aquifers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2019.06.001Keywords:
groundwater, aquifer, water quality, urbosystem, testing-ground, artesian wellAbstract
Groundwater is a valuable resource, used to provide population with drinking water. In spite of natural protection from the impact of external factors and independence of the total amount of groundwater from seasonal climate changes, they undergo intensive man-made pressing causing the disruption of their hydrological and hydrochemical regimes. The formation of qualitative composition of the groundwater in Kherson urbosystem under study depends on the geological structure, the conditions of water circulation in the area of active water changes, the coefficient of their natural protection. The study of drinking water in the territory of the Kherson urbosystem was carried out on 400 samples from 7 test sites and fragmentary control of 56 samples of water from private wells in the territory of 4 test sites during the period 2011–2017. It was determined that the groundwater (к=1.0) and the free groundwater between layers (к=1.3) are the least protected groundwater from human impacts, and the artesian groundwater (к=1.6) is the most protected groundwater. It was established that the areas of fast filtration and migration on the sites of confined low reliefs, industrial objects, illegal landfills of solid wastes, storehouses of fuels, pesticides and mineral fertilizers and durable non-normative surface aquifers become polluted by sewage from cesspits, resulting in an increase in bacteriological indexes exceeding the immission limit (IL) by 1.4 times. The man-made pressing of the urbosystem under study on the aquifers of groundwater and durable exploitation of artesian wells led to the disruption of groundwater dynamic levels and deterioration in their quality. It was determined that the water from Kherson private wells was characterized by its low quality with deviations from the norms by organoleptic indexes because of fecal contamination of these sources. In order to reduce a negative human impact on the condition of groundwater the authors of the study suggest measures aimed at their rational use taking into account the legislative ratification of the legal status of aquifers and the search for new sources beyond the limits of an urban.
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