Microscopy of urine sediment in male dogs with urocystitis

Abstract

Improving diagnostic methods for the appointment of effective treatment of animals with urocystitis is an extremely urgent problem in veterinary medicine. Microscopy of urine sediment is an integral and important part of general clinical research. With this research method, it is possible to clarify the localization of the inflammatory process in the urinary tract, establish the degree of mucosal damage, differentiate urinary tract diseases from kidney diseases, and conduct differential diagnosis of neoplasms. Urine sediment in dogs suffering from urocystitis revealed postrenal microhematuria (in the field of view of the microscope 5-20 red blood cells), pyuria due to neutrophils (in the field of view 20-100), bacteriuria and the appearance of a significant number of transitional and superficial epithelial cells (in the field of view 3-5 cells), which were placed, both singly and in the form of layers. The receipt of a large amount of transitional epithelial cells in the urine of male dogs testified to the development of an inflammatory process of bacterial origin in the bladder and distal urethra, sometimes with prostate damage.

Sperm were detected in dogs from other organized urine deposits for urocystitis. In young males aged 7-8 months, in addition to the clinical symptoms of urocystitis, enlargement and tenderness of the prostate were registered. In the urine of such animals, we found almost no (or found a small amount) of sperm. In the urine of males 8-9 months of age in half of the cases found "strands" formed of leukocytes, sperm, epithelial cells, erythrocytes and cell debris, which indicated the development of an inflammatory process in the mucous membrane of the urinary tract and urethral glands.

In the urine of males 1-3 years of age, patients with urocystitis sperm were always detected (singly or in the form of spermatorrhea), although the appearance of sperm in the urine of these dogs had no special diagnostic value. In males 1-3 years of age, patients with urocystitis, we did not notice the increase and pain of the prostate, which we observed in younger dogs, but in the urine sediment was always present phenomenon of spermatorrhea.

We did not find any other organized sediments (cylinders, renal epithelial cells) in the urine of males during urocystitis.

When conducting microscopic examinations of urine sediments of males with urocystitis, we found that in 9 of 17 samples (53%) salt crystals were present in the sediments. Most often it was salts of ammonium biurate (ammonium acid) in the form of datura. Less commonly found crystals of phosphoric acid lime in the form of sheaves, needles, spears. Combined crystalluria was sometimes detected due to salts of ammonium biurate and phosphoric acid lime. Even less frequently, crystals of tripelphosphate in the form of 6-faceted prisms and octahedra were found in the urine of dogs. Crystallouria was more common in animals that had recurrent urocystitis or in those that had concomitant pathologies of the internal organs (liver, pancreas, or intestine) in addition to urinary tract inflammation.