Intentional opposition assertion / objection in Vasyl Stus’s poetic discourse

Abstract

Introduction. Poetic discourse refers to the lingual continuum, which clearly explicates the language style of the author, and grammaticalizes intellectual-spiritual world of an individual, that, in fact, determines the relevance of our study. In poetic discourse, which is characterized by rhythmical-prosodic organization, specific lexical content, the presence of figurative-rhetorical constructions and implementation of a number of intentions, among which are cognitive mental intentions with regard to the more complex phenomena of human existence, to conceptosphere of an individual, his/her intellect and psyche and which are most clearly embodied in the poetic discourse of V. Stus, a Ukrainian writer, translator, and literary critic. Extralinguistic factors of the writer’s language style influenced his creative activity filling it with awareness of inner freedom, a willingness to fight for the better future for Ukraine.

Purpose ‒ to determine the communicative-intentional potential of the binary opposition И?assertion / objection’ in the poetic discourse of Vasyl Stus, to characterize means of verbalizing intentions of assertion and intentions of objection, to outline the functionality of the affirmative and negative statements in poetic communication as a relevant continuum of the author's attitudes verbalization.

Methods.  To define the communicative content of the intentions of assertion and objection, the following methods are used in the article to find out the peculiarities of their verbalization in the poetic discourse of Vasyl Stus: descriptive method with cross-checking and systematization; contextual-interpretive method - for the identification of linguistic and extra-linguistic factors of poetic communication, structural method - for analyzing the means of verbalizing communicative intentions against the background of predicative semantics; transformational analysis is used to express the functional potential of different utterances (incomplete elliptic, nominative, genitival, antiphrasis) as the main representatives of the author's intentions.

Results. Intentions of assertion and intentions of objection form the essential manifestations of the category of communicative intentions:guided by of his/her knowledge and communicative competence, the subject of communication  develops speech activity aimed at acknowledging certain facts or their denial. Intentional binary opposition И?assertion/ objection’ under the influence of  verse architectonic acquires emotional-expressive overtones while transmissing the content, implementating a particular thought, creating the aesthetics of what is being conveyed. It is relevant both to cognitive-mental base of the speaker and to the language representation of the speech intentions and plays an important role in  the process of learning about the world, in interpreting and structuring empirical knowledge and in conveying the speaker’s interior.

In the poetic discourse of V. Stus assertive intention is  implemented through  narrative statements, differentiated according to the expression of predicativeness into one-member and two-member groups, which explicate predicates of action, process, state, quality, locative  predicates and predicates of quantity as a major area in the predicative-positional structure of a sentence and verbalize intentions of assertion. The intention of assertion is implemented through on-member nominative utterances that are figurative and rhetorical, syntax structures and  ascertain  the objective reality, existence of man, convey the dynamics of impressions and thoughts, that allow to concisely describe everything in sight, to fix the contours of the surrounding objects, to emphasize a temporal or locative characteristics.

Intentions of objection reflect the speaker’s desire  to object to a particular phenomenon or a fact of life, to convey contradictory views, to express disagreement and protest against the oppressive moral and political atmosphere of society.The typical syntactic means of verbalizing intentions of objection include a variety of modal-intentional utterances with the negative  particle as the main marker of negation; non-parcelled communicative units; one-member impersonal sentences, quasidialogues with an imaginary addressee, autocommunication that defines the semantics of misunderstanding, doubt, hesitation.

Originality. For the first time terminological apparatus  relating to the notion intentional opposition И?assertion/ objection’ is introduced, the means of  its explication in the poetic discourse of V. Stus are characterized. It is indicated that binary opposition И?assertion/ objection’ implements a wide range of the author's intentions (to stimulate thinking, to show the unfathomable philosophy of human existence, which manifests itself in the polarity of good and evil, black and white, good and bad, light and dark, material and divine) and determinates the poetic discourse of Vasyl Stus. With the help of well-matched research methodology it was found that verbalization of intentions of assertion/ objection in the poetic discourse of V. Stus is a specific way of perceiving and understanding the social epoch in which the writer lived and worked, the act of assertion of truths, declaration of non-compliance, denial and rejection of everything that  prevented Vasyl Stus, him, the great intellectual and patriot, from creating the better future for Ukraine.

Conclusion. In the poetic discourse of V. Stus intentions of  assertion and intentions of objection that reflect a universal way of learning about the world, transmit an individual perception of certain realities of life,  ascertain some facts or deny them, stress out the inconsistency and dialogueness of thoughts, mould the intentional opposition of  contrasted notions. Intentional  range of the binary opposition И?assertion / objection’ is verbalized through modal-intentional statements (affirmative and negative) with different types of predicates, one-member nominal constructions (nominative, genitival, quantitative-genitival), impersonal sentences, incomplete elliptic communivative units etc., a detailed study of which in close liason with extrainguinal parameters of communication, with regard to certain discursive manifestations of the Ukrainian language shapes  the subject of our subsequent scientific studies.