Metonymic Transpositions in the English Language Terminological Field "Animal Diseases"
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/philolog2020.01.085Abstract
The article deals with mechanisms of applying metonymic transferring in the English veterinary medicine terminology. Terminological units of the English terminological field “animal diseases” which appeared as a result of metonymy were analyzed; the most productive models of metonymic transpositions that are relevant for their systematization and standardization were elaborated. It was found out that metonymic terms were created according to general linguistic and terminological models. Nevertheless we established the specific models of metonymisation relevant only for terminological field “animal diseases”, namely: “name of diseased organ – name of disease”, “name of situation at which a disease appeared – name of disease”, “etiology – name of disease”, “disease agent – name of disease”, “process – diseased state”
The purpose of research is to characterize mechanisms of metonymic transpositions in the field of the English veterinary medicine terminology through the example of animal diseases nominations.
Results of research. The peculiarity of secondary nomination through metonymic transferring lies in the fact that it characterizes a particular object via its identity with the basic one. Metonymy allows using name of a given object to determine another. Metonymy shifts reference hence it is a genesis; by contrast with metaphor this semantic shift in reference results in a new sense of utterance through specification and generalization.
According to the analyzed data it was proved that metonymic transferring is an effective mechanism of forming veterinary medicine terms, namely terminological units of the terminological field “animal diseases”. Studying metonymic transpositions in the English veterinary medicine terminology allows structuring terms, motivated by the metonymy, differentiate metonymic nomination models, and also finding specific peculiarities of new concepts nomination in veterinary medicine. Nevertheless metonymic reinterpretation comparing to metaphoric one is less widespread form of semantic transferring, including veterinary terms.
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