Neologisms in тhе English Terminology of Biotechnology Branch

Abstract

Abstract. Introduction. The article dwells upon neologization as the way of term formation in the sphere of biotechnology.

Purpose. Review and analysis of forming English neologisms in the biotechnology field, identification of the most common models of their formation.

Results. English neologisms of biotechnology, which arose in the late 20th - early 21st centuries have been investigated. The increasing number of lexical and phraseological units thematically related to biotechnology explains the increased research interest in this field as one of the sources of vocabulary replenishment.

Some theoretical foundations of English language neology have been identified, in particular, the term "neologism" has been clarified, approaches to the classification of innovations have been identified. Productive ways of neologization of the biotechnology language  have been  considered. Special attention has been paid to the discovery of the most common models of the formation of English neologistic lexicon in the biotechnology sphere. The analysis of structural and semantic peculiarities of neologisms of the mentioned branch has been carried out. The conducted research indicates the prospect of studying English neologisms of biotechnology. Due to the rapid development exactly this branch of science can contribute to the emergence of new terms that will spread and acquire the status of neologisms. These neologisms of biotechnology sphere may be the most promising for further studies in linguistics.

Conclusions. The analysis of the research material allows us to conclude that the English language in the field of biotechnology finds resources to replenish the vocabulary through lexical and semantic derivation. Word formation plays a leading role in the creation of neologisms in the field of biotechnology. A more productive way of word formation of neologisms is the morphological method, which is based on affixation, word formation, conversion, telescopy, abbreviations in the form of abbreviations and acronyms. At the heart of all ways of forming neologisms is the principle of "economy of language", when new words become more informative than their input, acquiring a new semantic meaning. The formation of new phraseology is carried out mainly on the basis of lexical and semantic neologisms.